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We propose a cryptographic scheme that is deterministic: Alice sends single photons to Bob, and each and every photon detected supplies one key bit -- no photon is wasted. This is in marked contrast to other schemes in which a random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Almut Beige , Berthold-Georg Englert , Christian Kurtsiefer , Harald Weinfurter

Sharing a secret efficiently amongst a group of participants is not easy since there is always an adversary / eavesdropper trying to retrieve the secret. In secret sharing schemes, every participant is given a unique share. When the desired…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-04 James Smith

In this paper, a renewable, multi-use, multi-secret sharing scheme for general access structure based on one-way collision resistant hash function is presented in which each participant has to carry only one share. By applying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Angsuman Das , Avishek Adhikari

An efficient high-capacity quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed following some ideas in quantum dense coding with two-photon entanglement. The message sender, Alice prepares and measures the two-photon entangled states, and the two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Hong-Yu Zhou

Two schemes for sharing an arbitrary two-qubit state based on entanglement swapping are proposed with Bell-state measurements and local unitary operations. One is based on the quantum channel with four Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Chun-Yan Li , Ping Zhou , Hong-Yu Zhou

In a recent work, Markham and Sanders have proposed a framework to study quantum secret sharing (QSS) schemes using graph states. This framework unified three classes of QSS protocols, namely, sharing classical secrets over private and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-30 Pradeep Sarvepalli

Typical multiparty semi-quantum secret sharing (MSQSS) protocols require the dealer to possess full quantum capabilities, while the classical users usually need to perform three operations. To address this practical limitation, this paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Mustapha Anis Younes , Sofia Zebboudj , Abdelhakim Gharbi

In quantum secret sharing, a quantum secret state is mapped to multiple shares such that shares from qualified sets can recover the secret state and shares from other forbidden sets reveal nothing about the secret state; we study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Hua Sun

We propose a homomorphic search protocol based on quantum homomorphic encryption, in which a client Alice with limited quantum ability can give her encrypted data to a powerful but untrusted quantum server and let the server search for her…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Qing Zhou , Songfeng Lu

Group oriented applications are getting more and more popular in mobile Internet and call for secure and efficient secret sharing (SS) scheme to meet their requirements. A $(t,n)$ threshold SS scheme divides a secret into $n$ shares such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Fuyou Miao , Yue Yu , Keju Meng , Wenchao Huang , Yan Xiong

A general class of authentication schemes for arbitrary quantum messages is proposed. The class is based on the use of sets of unitary quantum operations in both transmission and reception, and on appending a quantum tag to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Esther Perez , Marcos Curty , David J. Santos , Priscila Garcia-Fernandez

Secret sharing, in which a dealer wants to split a secret in such a way that any unauthorized subset of parties is unable to reconstruct it, plays a key role in cryptography. The security of quantum protocols for the task is guaranteed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-10 Kejin Wei , Xiuqing Yang , Haiqiang Ma , Changhua Zhu

Encrypted control systems allow to evaluate feedback laws on external servers without revealing private information about state and input data, the control law, or the plant. While there are a number of encrypted control schemes available…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-14 Sebastian Schlor , Michael Hertneck , Stefan Wildhagen , Frank Allgöwer

Unconditionally secure non-relativistic bit commitment is known to be impossible in both the classical and the quantum worlds. But when committing to a string of n bits at once, how far can we stretch the quantum limits? In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-18 Harry Buhrman , Matthias Christandl , Patrick Hayden , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Stephanie Wehner

Exploring the symmetries underlying a previously proposed encryption scheme which relies on single-qubit rotations, we derive an improved upper bound on the maximum information that an eavesdropper might extract from all the available…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-02 U. Seyfarth , G. M. Nikolopoulos , G. Alber

In search of a quantum key distribution scheme that could stand up for more drastic eavesdropping attack, I discover a prepare-and-measure scheme using $N$-dimensional quantum particles as information carriers where $N$ is a prime power.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. F. Chau

Using the previously shared Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs, a proposal which can be used to distribute a quantum key and identify the user's identification simultaneously is presented. In this scheme, two local unitary operations and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Bao-Sen Shi , Jian Li , Jin-Ming Liu , Xiao-Feng Fan , Guang-Can Guo

We propose a practical quantum cryptographic scheme which combines high information capacity, such as provided by high-dimensional quantum entanglement, with the simplicity of a two-dimensional Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell test…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-11 Adetunmise C. Dada

Most current research on quantum cryptography requires transmission and reception of single photons that creates severe implementation challenges and limits range. This paper argues for the development of threshold quantum cryptography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-24 Subhash Kak

In this paper, we investigate properties of some multi-particle entangled states and, from the properties applying the secret sharing present a new type of quantum key distribution protocols as generalization of quantum key distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sora Choi , Jinsoo Kim , Dong Pyo Chi