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There has been a continued trend towards minimizing instrumentation for full-body motion capture, going from specialized rooms and equipment, to arrays of worn sensors and recently sparse inertial pose capture methods. However, as these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Vasco Xu , Chenfeng Gao , Henry Hoffmann , Karan Ahuja

Gait phase estimation based on inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals facilitates precise adaptation of exoskeletons to individual gait variations. However, challenges remain in achieving high accuracy and robustness, particularly during…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yuanlong Ji , Xingbang Yang , Ruoqi Zhao , Qihan Ye , Quan Zheng , Yubo Fan

The factor graph framework is a convenient modeling technique for robotic state estimation where states are represented as nodes, and measurements are modeled as factors. When designing a sensor fusion framework for legged robots, one often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Ross Hartley , Maani Ghaffari Jadidi , Lu Gan , Jiunn-Kai Huang , Jessy W. Grizzle , Ryan M. Eustice

In this paper, we present a novel factor graph formulation to estimate the pose and velocity of a quadruped robot on slippery and deformable terrain. The factor graph introduces a preintegrated velocity factor that incorporates velocity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-22 David Wisth , Marco Camurri , Maurice Fallon

Foot-mounted inertial sensors become popular in many indoor or GPS-denied applications, including but not limited to medical monitoring, gait analysis, soldier and first responder positioning. However, the foot-mounted inertial navigation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Maoran Zhu , Yuanxin Wu , Shitu Luo

Reliable odometry for legged robots without cameras or LiDAR remains challenging due to IMU drift and noisy joint velocity sensing. This paper presents a purely proprioceptive state estimator that uses only IMU and motor measurements to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Minxing Sun , Yao Mao

Inertial motion capture systems widely use low-cost IMUs to obtain the orientation of human body segments, but these sensors alone are unable to estimate link positions. Therefore, this research used a SLAM method in conjunction with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Mohammad Mahdi Azarbeik , Hamidreza Razavi , Kaveh Merat , Hassan Salarieh

With the rapid development of wearable technology, devices like smartphones, smartwatches, and headphones equipped with IMUs have become essential for applications such as pedestrian positioning. However, traditional pedestrian dead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Lan Sun , Songpengcheng Xia , Junyuan Deng , Jiarui Yang , Zengyuan Lai , Qi Wu , Ling Pei

Through assembling the navigation parameters as matrix Lie group state, the corresponding inertial navigation system (INS) kinematic model possesses a group-affine property. The Lie logarithm of the navigation state estimation error…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Lubin Chang , Yarong Luo

Recent advances in monocular 3D human pose estimation enable accurate body tracking from video. However, translating these kinematic estimates into physical quantities, such as joint torques, remains challenging due to noise amplification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Donghyun Kim , Chanyoung Kim , Eunseo Jeong , Youngjoong Kwon , Seong Jae Hwang

Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) are algorithms that fuse inertial measurements of angular velocity and specific acceleration with supplementary sensors including GNSS and magnetometers to estimate the position, velocity and attitude, or…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-23 Pieter van Goor , Tarek Hamel , Robert Mahony

Many applications involve humans in the loop, where continuous and accurate human motion monitoring provides valuable information for safe and intuitive human-machine interaction. Portable devices such as inertial measurement units (IMUs)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-12 Xiaobing Dai , Huanzhuo Wu , Siyi Wang , Junjie Jiao , Giang T. Nguyen , Frank H. P. Fitzek , Sandra Hirche

Robust estimation of object poses in robotic manipulation is often addressed using foundational general estimators, that aim to handle diverse error sources naively within a single model. Still, they struggle due to environmental…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Loris Schneider , Yitian Shi , Rosa Wolf , Carolin Brenner , Rudolph Triebel , Rania Rayyes

While camera-based capture systems remain the gold standard for recording human motion, learning-based tracking systems based on sparse wearable sensors are gaining popularity. Most commonly, they use inertial sensors, whose propensity for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Rayan Armani , Changlin Qian , Jiaxi Jiang , Christian Holz

This work presents a contracting hierarchical observer that fuses position and orientation measurements with an IMU to generate smooth position, linear velocity, orientation, and IMU bias estimates that are guaranteed to converge to their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Brett T. Lopez

This work aims to design a distributed extended object tracking (EOT) system over a realistic network, where both the extent and kinematics are required to retain consensus within the entire network. To this end, we resort to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-06 Zhifei Li , Yan Liang , Linfeng Xu , Shuli Ma

Motivated by the goal of achieving long-term drift-free camera pose estimation in complex scenarios, we propose a global positioning framework fusing visual, inertial and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements in multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Bing Han , Zhongyang Xiao , Shuai Huang , Tao Zhang

This document is in supplement to the paper titled "Multi-Robot Relative Pose Estimation and IMU Preintegration Using Passive UWB Transceivers", available at [1]. The purpose of this document is to show how IMU biases can be incorporated…

In this work we propose a tightly-coupled Extended Kalman Filter framework for IMU-only state estimation. Strap-down IMU measurements provide relative state estimates based on IMU kinematic motion model. However the integration of…

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are fundamental sensing components in multi-source integrated navigation systems, and their performance directly determines the accuracy and reliability of solutions. However, the precision of low-cost IMUs…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Jiarui Lv , Feng Zhu , Xiaohong Zhang