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Decentralized Finance (DeFi) services are moving traditional financial operations to the Internet of Value (IOV) by exploiting smart contracts, distributed ledgers, and clever heterogeneous transactions among different protocols. The…

General Economics · Economics 2023-07-18 Teng Andrea Xu , Jiahua Xu

The NFT ecosystem represents an interconnected, decentralized environment that encompasses the creation, distribution, and trading of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), where key actors, such as marketplaces, sellers, and buyers, utilize smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yujing Chen , Xuanming Liu , Zhiyuan Wan , Zuobin Wang , David Lo , Difan Xie , Xiaohu Yang

Transaction fees represent a major incentive in many blockchain systems as a way to incentivize processing transactions. Unfortunately, they also introduce an enormous amount of incentive asymmetry compared to alternatives like fixed block…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Michael Tang , Alex Zhang

We assess the market risk of the DeFi lending protocols using a multi-asset agent-based model to simulate ensembles of users subject to price-driven liquidation risk. Our multi-asset methodology shows that the protocol's systemic risk is…

General Economics · Economics 2022-12-15 Amit Chaudhary , Daniele Pinna

We discuss numerous justifications for why crypto-currencies would be highly conducive for the smooth functioning of today's society. We provide several comparisons between cryptocurrencies issued by blockchain projects, crypto, and…

General Economics · Economics 2023-07-18 Ravi Kashyap

The Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market in the Ethereum blockchain experienced explosive growth in 2021, with a monthly trade volume reaching \$6 billion in January 2022. However, concerns have emerged about possible wash trading, a form of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Massimo La Morgia , Alessandro Mei , Alberto Maria Mongardini , Eugenio Nerio Nemmi

With the rapid development of blockchain technology in recent years, all kinds of blockchain-based applications have emerged. Among them, the decentralized finance (DeFi) is one of the most successful applications, which is regarded as the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Yinjie Zhao , Xin Kang , Tieyan Li , Cheng-Kang Chu , Haiguang Wang

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) have emerged as a way to collect digital art as well as an investment vehicle. Despite having been popularized only recently, NFT markets have witnessed several high-profile (and high-value) asset sales and a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Dipanjan Das , Priyanka Bose , Nicola Ruaro , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna

The rapid growth of Blockchain and Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has introduced new challenges and vulnerabilities that threaten the integrity and efficiency of the ecosystem. This study identifies critical issues such as Transaction Order…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Xiongfei Zhao , Hou-Wan Long , Zhengzhe Li , Jiangchuan Liu , Yain-Whar Si

We consider front-running to be a course of action where an entity benefits from prior access to privileged market information about upcoming transactions and trades. Front-running has been an issue in financial instrument markets since the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Shayan Eskandari , Seyedehmahsa Moosavi , Jeremy Clark

Intent-based cross-chain bridges have emerged as an alternative to traditional interoperability protocols by allowing off-chain entities (\emph{solvers}) to immediately fulfill users' orders by fronting their own liquidity. While improving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-23 André Augusto , Christof Ferreira Torres , André Vasconcelos , Miguel Correia

This paper presents an optimal peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transaction mechanism leveraging decentralized blockchain technology to enable a secure and scalable retail electricity market for the increasing penetration of distributed energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Antar Kumar Biswas , Masoud H. Nazari

In blockchain, bribery is an inevitable problem since users with various goals can bribe miners by transferring cryptoassets. To alleviate the negative effects of such collusion, Ethereum blockchain implemented new transaction fee mechanism…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Xiaotong Sun

Blockchain enables peer-to-peer transactions in cyberspace without a trusted third party. The rapid growth of Ethereum and smart contract blockchains generally calls for well-designed Transaction Fee Mechanisms (TFMs) to allocate limited…

General Economics · Economics 2023-05-05 Luyao Zhang , Fan Zhang

We study an auction with $m$ identical items in a context where $n$ agents can arbitrarily commit to strategies. In general, such commitments non-trivially change the equilibria by inducing a metagame of choosing which strategies to commit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Daji Landis , Nikolaj I. Schwartzbach

Cryptocurrency can be understood as a digital asset transacted among participants in the crypto economy. Every cryptocurrency must have an associated Blockchain. Blockchain is a Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) which supports…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Carlos Alberto Durigan Junior , Fernando Jose Barbin Laurindo

Cryptocurrency off-chain networks such as Lightning (e.g., Bitcoin) or Raiden (e.g., Ethereum) aim to increase the scalability of traditional on-chain transactions. To support nodes in learning about possible paths to route their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Utz Nisslmueller , Klaus-Tycho Foerster , Stefan Schmid , Christian Decker

Blockchain has become particularly popular due to its promise to support business-critical services in very different domains (e.g., retail, supply chains, healthcare). Blockchain systems rely on complex middleware, like Ethereum or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Ákos Hajdu , Naghmeh Ivaki , Imre Kocsis , Attila Klenik , László Gönczy , Nuno Laranjeiro , Henrique Madeira , András Pataricza

In this paper, we investigate two methods that allow us to automatically create profitable DeFi trades, one well-suited to arbitrage and the other applicable to more complicated settings. We first adopt the Bellman-Ford-Moore algorithm with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Antoine Cully , Benjamin Livshits , Arthur Gervais

With the overall momentum of the blockchain industry, crypto-based crimes are becoming more and more prevalent. After committing a crime, the main goal of cybercriminals is to obfuscate the source of the illicit funds in order to convert…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Dan Lin , Jiajing Wu , Qishuang Fu , Yunmei Yu , Kaixin Lin , Zibin Zheng , Shuo Yang