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We here propose a new model-independent technique to overcome the circularity problem affecting the use of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) as distance indicators through the use of $E_{\rm p}$--$E_{\rm iso}$ correlation. We calibrate the $E_{\rm…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-27 Lorenzo Amati , Rocco D'Agostino , Orlando Luongo , Marco Muccino , Maria Tantalo

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) offer a powerful probe of the cosmic expansion history far beyond the redshift range accessible to Type Ia supernovae. However, the study of cosmological models using GRBs is hindered by the circularity problem,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Nilanjana Bagchi Aurpa , Abha Dev Habib , Nisha Rani

As so far, the redshift of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can extend to $z\sim 8$ which makes it as a complementary probe of dark energy to supernova Ia (SN Ia). However, the calibration of GRBs is still a big challenge when they are used to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Lixin Xu

Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) have recently attracted much attention as a possible way to extend the Hubble diagram to very high redshift. To this aim, the luminosity (or isotropic emitted energy) of a GRB at redshift z must be evaluated from a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-11 V. F. Cardone , S. Capozziello , M. G. Dainotti

Context. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) reach redshifts beyond Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and can extend distance measurements into the early Universe, but their use as distance indicators is limited by the circularity problem in calibrating…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 Wei Hong , Luca Izzo , Massimo Della Valle , Orlando Luongo , Marco Muccino , Tong-Jie Zhang

In this paper, we present a cosmology-independent method to constrain cosmological models from the latest 221 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) sample, including 49 GRBs from Fermi catalog with the Amati relation (the $E_{\rm p}$-${E}_{\rm iso}$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-14 Hanbei Xie , Xiaodong Nong , Huifeng Wang , Bin Zhang , Zihao Li , Nan Liang

Luminosity correlations of long Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are extensively proposed as an effective complementarity to trace the Hubble diagram of Universe at high redshifts, which is of great importance to explore properties of dark energy.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-22 Guo-Jian Wang , Hai Yu , Zheng-Xiang Li , Jun-Qing Xia , Zong-Hong Zhu

An improved Amati correlation was constructed in (ApJ 931 (2022) 50) by us recently. In this paper, we further study constraints on the $\Lambda$CDM and $w$CDM models from the gamma ray bursts (GRBs) standardized with the standard and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Yang Liu , Nan Liang , Xiaoyao Xie , Zunli Yuan , Hongwei Yu , Puxun Wu

In this paper, we compile a \emph{Fermi} sample of the \emph{long} GRB observations from 15 years of GBM catalogue with identified redshift, in which the GOLD sample contains 123 long GRBs at $z\le5.6$ and the FULL sample contains 151 long…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-04 Huifeng Wang , Nan Liang

In this work, our focus is on exploring the potential of current GRB measurements to provide reliable constraints on cosmological model parameters at high redshift. This work is divided into two parts. First, we calibrate the Amati relation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-10 Darshan Kumar , Nisha Rani , Deepak Jain , Shobhit Mahajan , Amitabha Mukherjee

Recently, a tight correlation among three quantities that characterize the prompt emission of long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) with known redshift z, was discovered (Firmani et al. 2006). We use this correlation to construct the Hubble diagram…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 C. Firmani , V. Avila-Reese , G. Ghisellini , G. Ghirlanda

The $\Lambda$ Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$CDM) cosmological model has been highly successful in predicting cosmic structure and evolution, yet recent precision measurements have highlighted discrepancies, especially in the Hubble constant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-08 Purba Mukherjee , Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos , Jackson Levi Said , Jurgen Mifsud

An important concern in the application of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to cosmology is that the calibration of GRB luminosity/energy relations depends on the cosmological model, due to the lack of a sufficient low-redshift GRB sample. In this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Nan Liang , Wei Ke Xiao , Yuan Liu , Shuang Nan Zhang

Recently, Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) were proposed to be a complementary cosmological probe to type Ia supernovae (SNIa). GRBs have been advocated to be standard candles since several empirical GRB luminosity relations were proposed as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-31 Hao Wei , Shuang Nan Zhang

For the use of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) to probe cosmology in a cosmology-independent way, a new method has been proposed to obtain luminosity distances of GRBs by interpolating directly from the Hubble diagram of SNe Ia, and then…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 He Gao , Nan Liang , Zong-Hong Zhu

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been regarded as standard candles at very high redshift for cosmology research. We have proposed a new method to calibrate GRB distance indicators with Type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) data in a completely…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-22 Nan Liang , Puxun Wu , Shuang Nan Zhang

In order to test the efficacy of Gamma-ray Bursts (GRB) as cosmological probes, we characterize the scatter in the correlations between six pairs of GRB observables, which have previously also been studied in arXiv:2011.14040. However, some…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-28 Sarveshkumar Purohit , Shantanu Desai

In this work we present some applications about the use of the so-called Cosmography with GRBs. In particular, we try to calibrate the Amati relation by using the luminosity distance obtained from the cosmographic analysis. Thus, we analyze…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-16 Luca Izzo , Orlando Luongo , Salvatore Capozziello

In this paper, we firstly calibrate the Amati relation (the $E_{\rm p}-E_{\rm iso}$ correlation) of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) at low redshifts ($z<0.8$) via Gaussian process by using the type Ia supernovae samples from Pantheon+ under the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-12 Yuhao Mu , Baorong Chang , Lixin Xu

We use model-independent luminosity distances of 186 HII galaxy observations to address the circularity problem in the Amati relation for Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs). For this purpose, we used Artificial Neural Network based interpolation to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-11 Rikiya Okazaki , Shantanu Desai
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