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This paper investigates the usage of FPGA devices for energy-efficient exact kNN search in high-dimension latent spaces. This work intercepts a relevant trend that tries to support the increasing popularity of learned representations based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Patrizio Dazzi , William Guglielmo , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Salvatore Trani

When accelerators fail in modern ML datacenters, operators migrate the affected ML training or inference jobs to entirely new racks. This approach, while preserving network performance, is highly inefficient, requiring datacenters to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Abhishek Vijaya Kumar , Eric Ding , Arjun Devraj , Darius Bunandar , Rachee Singh

This work presents a novel reconfigurable architecture for Low Latency Graph Neural Network (LL-GNN) designs for particle detectors, delivering unprecedented low latency performance. Incorporating FPGA-based GNNs into particle detectors…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Zhiqiang Que , Hongxiang Fan , Marcus Loo , He Li , Michaela Blott , Maurizio Pierini , Alexander Tapper , Wayne Luk

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve superior performance through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but these token-level reasoning chains are computationally expensive and inefficient. In this paper, we introduce Compressed Latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenhui Tan , Jiaze Li , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Ruihua Song , Jian Luan

This research delves into sophisticated neural network frameworks like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs), and Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) for improved analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Nisanur Alici , Kayode Inadagbo , Murat Isik

This paper presents an extension to an existing instruction set architecture, which gains considerable reduction in power consumption. The reduction in power consumption is achieved through coding of the most commonly executed instructions…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Bobby Sleeba , Mikael Collin , Mats Brorsson

With the growing demand for deploying deep learning models to the "edge", it is paramount to develop techniques that allow to execute state-of-the-art models within very tight and limited resource constraints. In this work we propose a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Simon Wiedemann , Suhas Shivapakash , Pablo Wiedemann , Daniel Becking , Wojciech Samek , Friedel Gerfers , Thomas Wiegand

Efficient transformer variants with linear time complexity have been developed to mitigate the quadratic computational overhead of the vanilla transformer. Among them are low-rank projection methods such as Linformer and kernel-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yizhe Zhang , Deng Cai

Spaced repetition systems are fundamental to efficient learning and memory retention, but existing algorithms often struggle with semantic interference and personalized adaptation. We present LECTOR (\textbf{L}LM-\textbf{E}nhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jiahao Zhao

Multi-level intermediate representations (MLIR) show great promise for reducing the cost of building domain-specific compilers by providing a reusable and extensible compiler infrastructure. This work presents TPU-MLIR, an end-to-end…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Pengchao Hu , Man Lu , Lei Wang , Guoyue Jiang

Quantization based on the binary codes is gaining attention because each quantized bit can be directly utilized for computations without dequantization using look-up tables. Previous attempts, however, only allow for integer numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Dongsoo Lee , Se Jung Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Yongkweon Jeon , Baeseong Park , Jeongin Yun

Crosstalk computing, involving engineered interference between nanoscale metal lines, offers a fresh perspective to scaling through co-existence with CMOS. Through capacitive manipulations and innovative circuit style, not only primitive…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Md Arif Iqbal , Naveen Kumar Macha , Bhavana Tejaswini Repalle , Mostafizur Rahman

The emergence of machine learning, image and audio processing on edge devices has motivated research towards power efficient custom hardware accelerators. Though FPGAs are an ideal target for energy efficient custom accelerators, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Kingshuk Majumder , Uday Bondhugula

Clifford noise reduction (CliNR) is a partial error correction scheme that reduces the logical error rate of Clifford circuits at the cost of a modest qubit and gate overhead. The CliNR implementation of an $n$-qubit Clifford circuit of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Aharon Brodutch , Gregory Baimetov , Edwin Tham , Nicolas Delfosse

Many architects believe that major improvements in cost-energy-performance must now come from domain-specific hardware. This paper evaluates a custom ASIC---called a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)---deployed in datacenters since 2015 that…

The continuous growth of big data applications with high computational and scalability demands has resulted in increasing popularity of cloud computing. Optimizing the performance and power consumption of cloud resources is therefore…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Sahand Salamat , Behnam Khaleghi , Mohsen Imani , Tajana Rosing

Multipliers are widely-used arithmetic operators in digital signal processing and machine learning circuits. Due to their relatively high complexity, they can have high latency and be a significant source of power consumption. One strategy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Shervin Vakili , Mobin Vaziri , Amirhossein Zarei , J. M. Pierre Langlois

This paper describes an optimized implementation of a Forward Propagating Classification Neural Network which has been previously trained. The implementation described highlights a novel means of using Python scripts to generate a Verilog…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Matthew Joseph Adiletta , Brian Flanagan

Graph algorithms are increasingly used in applications that exploit large databases. However, conventional processor architectures are inadequate for handling the throughput and memory requirements of graph computation. Lincoln Laboratory's…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-13 William S. Song , Vitaliy Gleyzer , Alexei Lomakin , Jeremy Kepner

Because of the increasing demand for computation in DNN, researchers develope both hardware and software mechanisms to reduce the compute and memory burden. A widely adopted approach is to use mixed precision data types. However, it is hard…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Jian Weng , Animesh Jain , Jie Wang , Leyuan Wang , Yida Wang , Tony Nowatzki