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Large vision-language models (VLMs) have become state-of-the-art for many computer vision tasks, with in-context learning (ICL) as a popular adaptation strategy for new ones. But can VLMs learn novel concepts purely from visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Bowen Zhao , Leo Parker Dirac , Paulina Varshavskaya

In this paper, we propose an instance similarity learning (ISL) method for unsupervised feature representation. Conventional methods assign close instance pairs in the feature space with high similarity, which usually leads to wrong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Ziwei Wang , Yunsong Wang , Ziyi Wu , Jiwen Lu , Jie Zhou

We propose VISION-SLS, a method for nonlinear output-feedback control from high-resolution RGB images which provides robust constraint satisfaction guarantees under calibrated uncertainty bounds despite partial observability, sensor noise,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Antoine P. Leeman , Shuyu Zhan , Melanie N. Zeilinger , Glen Chou

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved great successes in many simulated tasks. The sample inefficiency problem makes applying traditional DRL methods to real-world robots a great challenge. Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Jie Huang , Rongshun Juan , Randy Gomez , Keisuke Nakamura , Qixin Sha , Bo He , Guangliang Li

Demonstration-guided reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for learning complex behaviors by leveraging both reward feedback and a set of target task demonstrations. Prior approaches for demonstration-guided RL treat every new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Karl Pertsch , Youngwoon Lee , Yue Wu , Joseph J. Lim

Interactive imitation learning is an efficient, model-free method through which a robot can learn a task by repetitively iterating an execution of a learning policy and a data collection by querying human demonstrations. However, deploying…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Hanbit Oh , Takamitsu Matsubara

The goal of imitation learning (IL) is to learn a good policy from high-quality demonstrations. However, the quality of demonstrations in reality can be diverse, since it is easier and cheaper to collect demonstrations from a mix of experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Voot Tangkaratt , Bo Han , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan , Masashi Sugiyama

Robots trained via Reinforcement Learning (RL) or Imitation Learning (IL) often adapt slowly to new tasks, whereas recent Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) promise knowledge-rich planning from minimal data.…

Defining reward functions for skill learning has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in defining reward signals for teaching robots manipulation skills. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kaifeng Zhang , Zhao-Heng Yin , Weirui Ye , Yang Gao

While reinforcement learning (RL) has the potential to enable robots to autonomously acquire a wide range of skills, in practice, RL usually requires manual, per-task engineering of reward functions, especially in real world settings where…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Tianhe Yu , Gleb Shevchuk , Dorsa Sadigh , Chelsea Finn

Task Parametrized Gaussian Mixture Models (TP-GMM) are a sample-efficient method for learning object-centric robot manipulation tasks. However, there are several open challenges to applying TP-GMMs in the wild. In this work, we tackle three…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jan Ole von Hartz , Tim Welschehold , Abhinav Valada , Joschka Boedecker

Current video foundation models, including the strongest self-supervised models such as V-JEPA2, fail to capture how humans organize social information in dynamic scenes. For example, across a range of diverse vision models tested, none…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-14 Kathy Garcia , Leyla Isik

Imitation can allow us to quickly gain an understanding of a new task. Through a demonstration, we can gain direct knowledge about which actions need to be performed and which goals they have. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Josua Spisak , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

Learning structured task representations from human demonstrations is essential for understanding long-horizon manipulation behaviors, particularly in bimanual settings where action ordering, object involvement, and interaction geometry can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Franziska Herbert , Vignesh Prasad , Han Liu , Dorothea Koert , Georgia Chalvatzaki

Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning (GAIL) can learn policies without explicitly defining the reward function from demonstrations. GAIL has the potential to learn policies with high-dimensional observations as input, e.g., images. By…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Yoshihisa Tsurumine , Takamitsu Matsubara

Contemporary deep learning models have achieved impressive performance in image classification by primarily leveraging statistical regularities within large datasets, but they rarely incorporate structured insights drawn directly from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Haobo Yang , Minghao Guo , Dequan Yang , Wenyu Wang

Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong semantic recognition, yet remain brittle on elementary spatial relations such as left of, on, behind, and between. One cause of this failure arises before language reasoning begins: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Renjie Gu , Kaichen Zhou , Yan Luo , Mengyu Wang

This paper presents a vision-based learning-by-demonstration approach to enable robots to learn and complete a manipulation task cooperatively. With this method, a vision system is involved in both the task demonstration and reproduction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-06-05 Bidan Huang , Menglong Ye , Su-Lin Lee , Guang-Zhong Yang

One of the most challenging aspects of real-world reinforcement learning (RL) is the multitude of unpredictable and ever-changing distractions that could divert an agent from what was tasked to do in its training environment. While an agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Cristian Bodnar , Karol Hausman , Gabriel Dulac-Arnold , Rico Jonschkowski

Visual-textual understanding is essential for language-guided robot manipulation. Recent works leverage pre-trained vision-language models to measure the similarity between encoded visual observations and textual instructions, and then…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chaoran Zhu , Hengyi Wang , Yik Lung Pang , Changjae Oh