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Rollups have become the de facto scalability solution for Ethereum, securing more than $55B in assets. They achieve scale by executing transactions on a Layer 2 ledger, while periodically posting data and finalizing state on the Layer 1,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Stefanos Chaliasos , Conner Swann , Sina Pilehchiha , Nicolas Mohnblatt , Benjamin Livshits , Assimakis Kattis

Blockchain technologies are considered one of the most disruptive innovations of the last decade, enabling secure decentralized trust-building. However, in recent years, with the rapid increase in the energy consumption of blockchain-based…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Ali Menati , Xiangtian Zheng , Kiyeob Lee , Ranyu Shi , Pengwei Du , Chanan Singh , Le Xie

This paper reviews and highlights how coding schemes have been used to solve various problems in blockchain systems. Specifically, these problems relate to scaling blockchains in terms of their data storage, computation and communication…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Changlin Yang , Kwan-Wu Chin , Jiguang Wang , Xiaodong Wang , Ying Liu , Zibin Zheng

The distribution of consensus power is a cornerstone of decentralisation, influencing the security, resilience, and fairness of blockchain networks while ensuring equitable impact among participants. This study provides a rigorous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Kamil Tylinski , Abylay Satybaldy , Paolo Tasca

Blockchains were originally designed as closed execution environments and lack the ability to communicate directly with external systems. To overcome this limitation, many blockchains employ relayers, external applications capable of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Joao Otavio Chervinski , Diego Kreutz , Jiangshan Yu

Recently, many Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS)-based blockchains have been widely used in decentralized applications, such as EOSIO, Tron, and Binance Smart Chain. Compared with traditional PoW-based blockchain systems, these systems…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Jieli Liu , Weilin Zheng , Dingyuan Lu , Jiajing Wu , Zibin Zheng

We study the economics of transaction reverts on Ethereum rollups and show that they are not accidental failures but equilibrium outcomes of MEV strategies. Using execution traces from major L2s, we find that over 80% of reverted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Krzysztof Gogol , Manvir Schneider , Claudio Tessone

Blokchain is a promising technology to enable distributed and reliable data sharing at the network edge. The high security in blockchain is undoubtedly a critical factor for the network to handle important data item. On the other hand,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Yixin Li , Liang Liang , Yunjian Jia , Wanli Wen , Chaowei Tang , Zhengchuan Chen

Permissioned blockchain systems promise to provide both decentralized trust and privacy. Hyperledger Fabric is currently one of the most wide-spread permissioned blockchain systems and is heavily promoted both in industry and academia. Due…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Jeeta Ann Chacko , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Cryptocurrencies, based on and led by Bitcoin, have shown promise as infrastructure for pseudonymous online payments, cheap remittance, trustless digital asset exchange, and smart contracts. However, Bitcoin-derived blockchain protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-11-12 Ittay Eyal , Adem Efe Gencer , Emin Gun Sirer , Robbert van Renesse

Monero is a popular crypto-currency which focuses on privacy. The blockchain uses cryptographic techniques to obscure transaction values as well as a `ring confidential transaction' which seeks to hide a real transaction among a variable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Nathan Borggren , Hyoung-yoon Kim , Lihan Yao , Gary Koplik

Recently, blockchain has gained momentum as a novel technology that gives rise to a plethora of new decentralized applications (e.g., Internet of Things (IoT)). However, its integration with the IoT is still facing several problems (e.g.,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Hajar Moudoud , Soumaya Cherkaoui , Lyes Khoukhi

As time progresses, the need for more secure applications grows exponentially. The different types of sensitive information that is being transferred virtually has sparked a rise in systems that leverage blockchain. Different sectors are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Myles Lewis , Chris Crawford

Decentralized Applications (DApps) have seen widespread use in the recent past driving the world towards a new decentralized version of the web known as Web3.0. DApp-supported blockchains like Ethereum have largely been responsible for this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Deepal Tennakoon , Vincent Gramoli

Blockchain scalability can be complicated and costly. As enterprises begin to adopt blockchain technology to solve business problems, there are valid concerns if blockchain applications can support the transactional demands of production…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Grant Chung , Luc Desrosiers , Manav Gupta , Andrew Sutton , Kaushik Venkatadri , Ontak Wong , Goran Zugic

The convergence of blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) enables secure, decentralised, and verifiable data exchange across distributed smart environments. However, traditional blockchain frameworks suffer from inherent scalability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hasan Mahmud Rhidoy , Mahdi H. Miraz , Iftekhar Salam

First, a big data analysis of the transactions and smart contracts made on the Ethereum blockchain is performed, revealing interesting trends in motion. Next, these trends are compared with the public's interest in Ether and Bitcoin,…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-04-06 Dorsa Mohammadi Arezooji

Blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum execute payment transactions securely, but their performance is limited by the need for global consensus. Payment networks overcome this limitation through off-chain transactions. Instead of writing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Joshua Lind , Oded Naor , Ittay Eyal , Florian Kelbert , Peter Pietzuch , Emin Gun Sirer

Ethereum is one of the most popular platforms for the development of blockchain-powered applications. These applications are known as Dapps. When engineering Dapps, developers need to translate requests captured in the front-end of their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Michael Pacheco , Gustavo A. Oliva , Gopi Krishnan Rajbahadur , Ahmed E. Hassan

The transaction pool plays a critical role in processing and disseminating transactions in cryptocurrency networks. However, increasing transaction loads strain the resources of full node deployments. We present Neonpool, an innovative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Hina Binte Haq , Syed Taha Ali , Asad Salman , Patrick McCorry , Siamak F. Shahandashti
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