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Unlike conventional data such as natural images, audio and speech, raw multi-channel Electroencephalogram (EEG) data are difficult to interpret. Modern deep neural networks have shown promising results in EEG studies, however finding robust…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Nikesh Bajaj , Jesús Requena Carrión , Francesco Bellotti

One of the challenges in modeling cognitive events from electroencephalogram (EEG) data is finding representations that are invariant to inter- and intra-subject differences, as well as to inherent noise associated with such data. Herein,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-02 Pouya Bashivan , Irina Rish , Mohammed Yeasin , Noel Codella

Speech-related Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) aim primarily at finding an alternative vocal communication pathway for people with speaking disabilities. As a step towards full decoding of imagined speech from active thoughts, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Pramit Saha , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Sidney Fels

An electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) enables people to communicate with the outside world by interpreting the EEG signals of their brains to interact with devices such as wheelchairs and intelligent robots.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Quan Z. Sheng , Salil S. Kanhere , Tao Gu , Dalin Zhang

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and external devices, providing critical support for individuals with motor impairments. However, accurate motor imagery (MI) decoding from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Panagiotis Andrikopoulos , Siamak Mehrkanoon

The brain computer interface (BCI) is a nonstimulatory direct and occasionally bidirectional communication link between the brain and a computer or an external device. Classically, EEG-based BCI algorithms have relied on models such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-19 Andrea Duggento , Mario De Lorenzo , Stefano Bargione , Allegra Conti , Vincenzo Catrambone , Gaetano Valenza , Nicola Toschi

EEG is the most common signal source for noninvasive BCI applications. For such applications, the EEG signal needs to be decoded and translated into appropriate actions. A recently emerging EEG decoding approach is deep learning with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-25 Felix A. Heilmeyer , Robin T. Schirrmeister , Lukas D. J. Fiederer , Martin Völker , Joos Behncke , Tonio Ball

This work presents a novel method of exploring human brain-visual representations, with a view towards replicating these processes in machines. The core idea is to learn plausible computational and biological representations by correlating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Simone Palazzo , Concetto Spampinato , Isaak Kavasidis , Daniela Giordano , Joseph Schmidt , Mubarak Shah

In recent years, deep learning-based feature representation methods have shown a promising impact in electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI). Nonetheless, owing to high intra- and inter-subject variabilities, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Eunjin Jeon , Wonjun Ko , Jee Seok Yoon , Heung-Il Suk

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) enable direct communication with a computer, using neural activity as the control signal. This neural signal is generally chosen from a variety of well-studied electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. For a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Vernon J. Lawhern , Amelia J. Solon , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Stephen M. Gordon , Chou P. Hung , Brent J. Lance

EEG is a non-invasive, safe, and low-risk method to record electrophysiological signals inside the brain. Especially with recent technology developments like dry electrodes, consumer-grade EEG devices, and rapid advances in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tri Duc Ly , Gia H. Ngo

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables direct interaction between humans and computers by analyzing brain signals. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the non-invasive tools used in BCI systems, providing high temporal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-18 Hyeon-Taek Han , Dae-Hyeok Lee , Heon-Gyu Kwak

Electroencephalography (EEG) has become the most significant input signal for brain computer interface (BCI) based systems. However, it is very difficult to obtain satisfactory classification accuracy due to traditional methods can not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Chuanqi Tan , Fuchun Sun , Wenchang Zhang , Jianhua Chen , Chunfang Liu

In the field of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), the potential for leveraging deep learning techniques for representing electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has gained substantial interest. This review synthesizes empirical findings from a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Pierre Guetschel , Sara Ahmadi , Michael Tangermann

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a system empowering humans to communicate with or control the outside world with exclusively brain intentions. Electroencephalography (EEG) based BCIs are promising solutions due to their convenient and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Dalin Zhang , Lina Yao , Xiang Zhang , Sen Wang , Weitong Chen , Robert Boots

The electroencephalography (EEG)-based motor imagery (MI) classification is a critical and challenging task in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, which plays a significant role in assisting patients with functional impairments to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Wei Peng , Kang Liu , Jiaxi Shi , Jianchen Hu

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have achieved impressive performance on many computer vision related tasks, such as object detection, image recognition, image retrieval, etc. These achievements benefit from the CNNs' outstanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Dung Truong , Scott Makeig , Arnaud Delorme

Recently, there is increasing interest and research on the interpretability of machine learning models, for example how they transform and internally represent EEG signals in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) applications. This can help to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Kay Gregor Hartmann , Robin Tibor Schirrmeister , Tonio Ball

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system provides a pathway between humans and the outside world by analyzing brain signals which contain potential neural information. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of most commonly used brain signals and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-07 Xian-Rui Zhang , Meng-Ying Lei , Yang Li

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive technique for recording brain electrical activity, widely used in brain-computer interface (BCI) and healthcare. Recent EEG foundation models trained on large-scale datasets have shown improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yi Ding , Muyun Jiang , Weibang Jiang , Shuailei Zhang , Xinliang Zhou , Chenyu Liu , Shanglin Li , Yong Li , Cuntai Guan
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