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Language Models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities on some tasks while failing dramatically on others. The situation has generated considerable interest in understanding and comparing the capabilities of various Language Models (LMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 George Cybenko , Joshua Ackerman , Paul Lintilhac

Despite their success in a variety of NLP tasks, pre-trained language models, due to their heavy reliance on compositionality, fail in effectively capturing the meanings of multiword expressions (MWEs), especially idioms. Therefore,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Edward Gow-Smith , Carolina Scarton , Aline Villavicencio

In continual visual question answering (VQA), existing Continual Learning (CL) methods are mostly built for symmetric, unimodal architectures. However, modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) violate this assumption, as their trainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Peifeng Zhang , Zice Qiu , Donghua Yu , Shilei Cao , Juepeng Zheng , Yutong Lu , Haohuan Fu

This paper describes SChME (Semantic Change Detection with Model Ensemble), a method usedin SemEval-2020 Task 1 on unsupervised detection of lexical semantic change. SChME usesa model ensemble combining signals of distributional models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Maurício Gruppi , Sibel Adali , Pin-Yu Chen

Existing large language models (LLMs) can only afford fix-sized inputs due to the input length limit, preventing them from utilizing rich long-context information from past inputs. To address this, we propose a framework, Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

In a noisy environment, a lossy speech signal can be automatically restored by a listener if he/she knows the language well. That is, with the built-in knowledge of a "language model", a listener may effectively suppress noise interference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Chien-Feng Liao , Yu Tsao , Xugang Lu , Hisashi Kawai

Generative autoencoders offer a promising approach for controllable text generation by leveraging their latent sentence representations. However, current models struggle to maintain coherent latent spaces required to perform meaningful text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Tianxiao Shen , Jonas Mueller , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Pre-training decoder-only language models relies on vast amounts of high-quality data, yet the availability of such data is increasingly reaching its limits. While metadata is commonly used to create and curate these datasets, its potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sebastian Sztwiertnia , Felix Friedrich , Kristian Kersting , Patrick Schramowski , Björn Deiseroth

Pre-trained Language Model (PLM) is nowadays the mainstay of Unsupervised Sentence Representation Learning (USRL). However, PLMs are sensitive to the frequency information of words from their pre-training corpora, resulting in anisotropic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Bing Wang , Ximing Li , Zhiyao Yang , Yuanyuan Guan , Jiayin Li , Shengsheng Wang

Nonverbal communication (NVC) plays an integral role in human language, but studying NVC in general is challenging because of its broad scope and high variance in interpretation among individuals and cultures. However, mime -- the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Hyundong Cho , Spencer Lin , Tejas Srinivasan , Michael Saxon , Deuksin Kwon , Natali T. Chavez , Jonathan May

Neural conversation models such as encoder-decoder models are easy to generate bland and generic responses. Some researchers propose to use the conditional variational autoencoder(CVAE) which maximizes the lower bound on the conditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Jun Gao , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu , Junhui Li , Guodong Zhou , Shuming Shi

Latent Semantic Analysis is a method of matrix decomposition used for discovering topics and topic weights in natural language documents. This study uses Latent Semantic Analysis to analyze the composition of binaries of malicious programs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-02 John Musgrave , Temesguen Messay-Kebede , David Kapp , Anca Ralescu

Deep generative models like VAEs and diffusion models have advanced various generation tasks by leveraging latent variables to learn data distributions and generate high-quality samples. Despite the field of explainable AI making strides in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Mengdan Zhu , Raasikh Kanjiani , Jiahui Lu , Andrew Choi , Qirui Ye , Liang Zhao

We introduce an improved variational autoencoder (VAE) for text modeling with topic information explicitly modeled as a Dirichlet latent variable. By providing the proposed model topic awareness, it is more superior at reconstructing input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Yijun Xiao , Tiancheng Zhao , William Yang Wang

Long-term conversational agents require effective memory management to handle dialogue histories that exceed the context window of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods based on fact extraction or summarization reduce redundancy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaxiong Wu , Yongyue Zhang , Sheng Liang , Yong Liu

The vector representations of fixed dimensionality for words (in text) offered by Word2Vec have been shown to be very useful in many application scenarios, in particular due to the semantic information they carry. This paper proposes a…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Yu-An Chung , Chao-Chung Wu , Chia-Hao Shen , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-Shan Lee

We propose a multi-task, probabilistic approach to facilitate distantly supervised relation extraction by bringing closer the representations of sentences that contain the same Knowledge Base pairs. To achieve this, we bias the latent space…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Fenia Christopoulou , Makoto Miwa , Sophia Ananiadou

In this paper, we present a multimodal and dynamical VAE (MDVAE) applied to unsupervised audio-visual speech representation learning. The latent space is structured to dissociate the latent dynamical factors that are shared between the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Samir Sadok , Simon Leglaive , Laurent Girin , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Renaud Séguier

Learning good representations is of crucial importance in deep learning. Mutual Information (MI) or similar measures of statistical dependence are promising tools for learning these representations in an unsupervised way. Even though the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-09 Mirco Ravanelli , Yoshua Bengio

Massively multilingual sentence representation models, e.g., LASER, SBERT-distill, and LaBSE, help significantly improve cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the use of a large amount of data or inefficient model architectures results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zhuoyuan Mao , Chenhui Chu , Sadao Kurohashi