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This paper presents a novel vehicle motion forecasting method based on multi-head attention. It produces joint forecasts for all vehicles on a road scene as sequences of multi-modal probability density functions of their positions. Its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Jean Mercat , Thomas Gilles , Nicole El Zoghby , Guillaume Sandou , Dominique Beauvois , Guillermo Pita Gil

The Transformer architecture model, based on self-attention and multi-head attention, has achieved remarkable success in offline end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). However, self-attention and multi-head attention cannot be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Chendong Zhao , Jianzong Wang , Wen qi Wei , Xiaoyang Qu , Haoqian Wang , Jing Xiao

The transformer is the most popular neural architecture for language modeling. The cornerstone of the transformer is its global attention mechanism, which lets the model aggregate information from all preceding tokens before generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiaoda Li , Ryan Cotterell

The powerful modeling capabilities of all-attention-based transformer architectures often cause overfitting and - for natural language processing tasks - lead to an implicitly learned internal language model in the autoregressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Timo Lohrenz , Björn Möller , Zhengyang Li , Tim Fingscheidt

The self-attention mechanism traditionally relies on the softmax operator, necessitating positional embeddings like RoPE, or position biases to account for token order. But current methods using still face length generalisation challenges.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Shawn Tan , Songlin Yang , Aaron Courville , Rameswar Panda , Yikang Shen

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning is known to improve Large Language Models both empirically and in terms of theoretical approximation power. However, our understanding of the inner workings and conditions of apparition of CoT capabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Vivien Cabannes , Charles Arnal , Wassim Bouaziz , Alice Yang , Francois Charton , Julia Kempe

The aim of this paper is to present an alternative formulation of the attention scoring function in translation tasks. Generally speaking, language is deeply structured, and this is reflected in the attention scoring matrix. We exploit this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Eddie Conti

Diverse and extensive work has recently been conducted on text-conditioned human motion generation. However, progress in the reverse direction, motion captioning, has seen less comparable advancement. In this paper, we introduce a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Karim Radouane , Julien Lagarde , Sylvie Ranwez , Andon Tchechmedjiev

The success of Transformer-based Language Models (LMs) stems from their attention mechanism. While this mechanism has been extensively studied in explainability research, particularly through the attention values obtained during the forward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shahar Katz , Lior Wolf

Linear attention is an efficient attention mechanism that has recently emerged as a promising alternative to conventional softmax attention. With its ability to process tokens in linear computational complexities, linear attention, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zhen Qin , Weigao Sun , Dong Li , Xuyang Shen , Weixuan Sun , Yiran Zhong

The transformer architecture has driven breakthroughs in recent years on tasks which require modeling pairwise relationships between sequential elements, as is the case in natural language understanding. However, long seqeuences pose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Heejun Lee , Jina Kim , Jeffrey Willette , Sung Ju Hwang

Softmax attention is a central component of transformer architectures, yet its nonlinear structure poses significant challenges for theoretical analysis. We develop a unified, measure-based framework for studying single-layer softmax…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Etienne Boursier , Claire Boyer

In-context learning is a remarkable property of transformers and has been the focus of recent research. An attention mechanism is a key component in transformers, in which an attention matrix encodes relationships between words in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Katsuyuki Hagiwara

The attention mechanism lies at the core of the transformer architecture, providing an interpretable model-internal signal that has motivated a growing interest in attention-based model explanations. Although attention weights do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Marte Eggen , Jacob Lysnæs-Larsen , Inga Strümke

Attention based models such as Transformers involve pairwise interactions between data points, modeled with a learnable attention matrix. Importantly, this attention matrix is normalized with the SoftMax operator, which makes it row-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Michael E. Sander , Pierre Ablin , Mathieu Blondel , Gabriel Peyré

Understanding social interaction in video requires reasoning over a dynamic interplay of verbal and non-verbal cues: who is speaking, to whom, and with what gaze or gestures. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Liangyang Ouyang , Yifei Huang , Mingfang Zhang , Caixin Kang , Ryosuke Furuta , Yoichi Sato

With the increasing research interest in dialogue response generation, there is an emerging branch formulating this task as selecting next sentences, where given the partial dialogue contexts, the goal is to determine the most probable next…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Ting-Rui Chiang , Chao-Wei Huang , Shang-Yu Su , Yun-Nung Chen

Attention mechanism in sequence-to-sequence models is designed to model the alignments between acoustic features and output tokens in speech recognition. However, attention weights produced by models trained end to end do not always…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-27 Gene-Ping Yang , Hao Tang

Previous research has explored the computational expressivity of Transformer models in simulating Boolean circuits or Turing machines. However, the learnability of these simulators from observational data has remained an open question. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Morris Yau , Ekin Akyürek , Jiayuan Mao , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Stefanie Jegelka , Jacob Andreas

Simultaneous machine translation models start generating a target sequence before they have encoded or read the source sequence. Recent approaches for this task either apply a fixed policy on a state-of-the art Transformer model, or a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Xutai Ma , Juan Pino , James Cross , Liezl Puzon , Jiatao Gu
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