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Many language pairs are low resource, meaning the amount and/or quality of available parallel data is not sufficient to train a neural machine translation (NMT) model which can reach an acceptable standard of accuracy. Many works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Idris Abdulmumin , Bashir Shehu Galadanci , Abubakar Isa , Habeebah Adamu Kakudi , Ismaila Idris Sinan

This study explores the distinctions between neural machine translation (NMT) and human translation (HT) through the lens of translation relations. It benchmarks HT to assess the translation techniques produced by an NMT system and aims to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Fan Zhou

Multilingual transfer techniques often improve low-resource machine translation (MT). Many of these techniques are applied without considering data characteristics. We show in the context of Haitian-to-English translation that transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Nathaniel R. Robinson , Cameron J. Hogan , Nancy Fulda , David R. Mortensen

The encoder-decoder framework for neural machine translation (NMT) has been shown effective in large data scenarios, but is much less effective for low-resource languages. We present a transfer learning method that significantly improves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-11 Barret Zoph , Deniz Yuret , Jonathan May , Kevin Knight

Neural Machine Translation has achieved state-of-the-art performance for several language pairs using a combination of parallel and synthetic data. Synthetic data is often generated by back-translating sentences randomly sampled from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Marzieh Fadaee , Christof Monz

Back-translation (BT) is an effective semi-supervised learning framework in neural machine translation (NMT). A pre-trained NMT model translates monolingual sentences and makes synthetic bilingual sentence pairs for the training of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 DongNyeong Heo , Heeyoul Choi

We introduce negative space learning machine translation (NSL-MT), a training method for underresourced languages, that augments limited parallel data with synthetically generated violations of the target language's grammar and explicitly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Mamadou K. Keita , Christopher Homan , Huy Le

This work focuses on comparing different solutions for machine translation on low resource language pairs, namely, with zero-shot transfer learning and unsupervised machine translation. We discuss how the data size affects the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Aviral Joshi , Chengzhi Huang , Har Simrat Singh

Neural machine translation (NMT), a new approach to machine translation, has been proved to outperform conventional statistical machine translation (SMT) across a variety of language pairs. Translation is an open-vocabulary problem, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Yining Wang , Long Zhou , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Recent neural machine translation (NMT) systems have been greatly improved by encoder-decoder models with attention mechanisms and sub-word units. However, important differences between languages with logographic and alphabetic writing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Longtu Zhang , Mamoru Komachi

Recently, neural machine translation (NMT) has been extended to multilinguality, that is to handle more than one translation direction with a single system. Multilingual NMT showed competitive performance against pure bilingual systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Surafel M. Lakew , Mauro Cettolo , Marcello Federico

Many valid translations exist for a given sentence, yet machine translation (MT) is trained with a single reference translation, exacerbating data sparsity in low-resource settings. We introduce Simulated Multiple Reference Training (SMRT),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Huda Khayrallah , Brian Thompson , Matt Post , Philipp Koehn

Machine Translation has made impressive progress in recent years offering close to human-level performance on many languages, but studies have primarily focused on high-resource languages with broad online presence and resources. With the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Wan-Hua Her , Udo Kruschwitz

This study evaluates how well large language models (LLMs) and traditional machine translation (MT) tools translate medical consultation summaries from English into Arabic, Chinese, and Vietnamese. It assesses both patient, friendly and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Andy Li , Wei Zhou , Rashina Hoda , Chris Bain , Peter Poon

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have been proved strong when translating clean texts, but they are very sensitive to noise in the input. Improving NMT models robustness can be seen as a form of "domain" adaption to noise. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zhenhao Li , Lucia Specia

Without real bilingual corpus available, unsupervised Neural Machine Translation (NMT) typically requires pseudo parallel data generated with the back-translation method for the model training. However, due to weak supervision, the pseudo…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Shuo Ren , Zhirui Zhang , Shujie Liu , Ming Zhou , Shuai Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency in Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) tasks; however, their effectiveness for low-resource languages like Vietnamese remains largely unexplored. In this paper, we fine-tune and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Anh Duc Nguyen , Hieu Minh Phi , Anh Viet Ngo , Long Hai Trieu , Thai Phuong Nguyen

Neural approaches have achieved state-of-the-art accuracy on machine translation but suffer from the high cost of collecting large scale parallel data. Thus, a lot of research has been conducted for neural machine translation (NMT) with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Rui Wang , Xu Tan , Renqian Luo , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu

Backtranslation BT is widely used in low resource machine translation MT to generate additional synthetic training data using monolingual corpora. While this approach has shown strong improvements for many language pairs, its effectiveness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Arwa Arif

With the advent of the Transformer architecture, Neural Machine Translation (NMT) results have shown great improvement lately. However, results in low-resource conditions still lag behind in both bilingual and multilingual setups, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Isidora Chara Tourni , Derry Wijaya