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We develop the abstract framework for a proof-theoretic analysis of theories with scope beyond ordinal numbers, resulting in an analog of Ordinal Analysis aimed at the study of theorems of complexity $\Pi^1_2$. This is done by replacing the…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-09-27 Juan P. Aguilera , Fedor Pakhomov

When introduced in a 2018 article in the American Mathematical Monthly, the omega integral was shown to be an extension of the Riemann integral. Although results for continuous functions such as the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus follow…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-03-28 C. Bryan Dawson , Matthew Dawson

We study for bounded multiplicative functions $f$ sums of the form \begin{align*} \sum_{\substack{n\leq x \atop n\equiv a\pmod q}}f(n), \end{align*} establishing that their variance over residue classes $a \pmod q$ is small as soon as…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-24 Oleksiy Klurman , Alexander P. Mangerel , Joni Teräväinen

Through the following, we establish the conditions which allow us to express recursive sequences of real numbers, enumerated through the recurrence relation a_{n+1} = Aa_n + Ba_{n-1}, by means of algebraic equations in two variables of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-03-25 Luigi Cimmino

In this paper we present the initial development of a general theory for mapping inference in predicate logic to computation over Tensor Product Representations (TPRs; Smolensky (1990), Smolensky & Legendre (2006)). After an initial brief…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-01-13 Paul Smolensky , Moontae Lee , Xiaodong He , Wen-tau Yih , Jianfeng Gao , Li Deng

The probabilistic bisection algorithm (PBA) solves a class of stochastic root-finding problems in one dimension by successively updating a prior belief on the location of the root based on noisy responses to queries at chosen points. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-14 Peter I. Frazier , Shane G. Henderson , Rolf Waeber

Complex reasoning problems are most clearly and easily specified using logical rules, but require recursive rules with aggregation such as count and sum for practical applications. Unfortunately, the meaning of such rules has been a…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Yanhong A. Liu , Scott D. Stoller

We present the guarded lambda-calculus, an extension of the simply typed lambda-calculus with guarded recursive and coinductive types. The use of guarded recursive types ensures the productivity of well-typed programs. Guarded recursive…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-01-16 Ranald Clouston , Aleš Bizjak , Hans Bugge Grathwohl , Lars Birkedal

Most existing computational tools for assumption-based argumentation (ABA) focus on so-called flat frameworks, disregarding the more general case. In this paper, we study an instantiation-based approach for reasoning in possibly non-flat…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Tuomo Lehtonen , Anna Rapberger , Francesca Toni , Markus Ulbricht , Johannes P. Wallner

The class of uniformly computable real functions with respect to a small subrecursive class of operators computes the elementary functions of calculus, restricted to compact subsets of their domains. The class of conditionally computable…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-03-14 Ivan Georgiev

We show that probabilistic computable functions, i.e., those functions outputting distributions and computed by probabilistic Turing machines, can be characterized by a natural generalization of Church and Kleene's partial recursive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-06-26 Ugo Dal Lago , Sara Zuppiroli

Let's fix a reasonable subsystem $T$ of arithmetic; why are natural extensions of $T$ pre-well-ordered by consistency strength? In previous work, an approach to this question was proposed. The goal of this work was to classify the recursive…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-21 James Walsh

Predicative analysis of recursion schema is a method to characterize complexity classes like the class FPTIME of polynomial time computable functions. This analysis comes from the works of Bellantoni and Cook, and Leivant by data tiering.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Jean-Yves Marion

This is the first of two coupled papers estimating the mean values of multiplicative functions, of unknown support, on arithmetic progressions with large differences. Applications are made to the study of primes in arithmetic progression…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-29 P. D. T. A. Elliott , Jonathan Kish

We define a family of three related reducibilities, $\leq_T$, $\leq_{tt}$ and $\leq_m$, for arbitrary functions $f,g:X\rightarrow\mathbb R$, where $X$ is a compact separable metric space. The $\equiv_T$-equivalence classes mostly coincide…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-06-19 Adam R. Day , Rod Downey , Linda Brown Westrick

Let $\mathcal{P}$ be the set of the primes. We consider a class of random multiplicative functions $f$ supported on the squarefree integers, such that $\{f(p)\}_{p\in\mathcal{P}}$ form a sequence of $\pm1$ valued independent random…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-22 Marco Aymone , Vladas Sidoravicius

We present a simplified and streamlined characterisation of provably total computable functions of the theory ID_1 of non-iterated inductive definitions. The idea of the simplification is to employ the method of operator-controlled…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-05-15 Naohi Eguchi , Andreas Weiermann

Reverse mathematics studies which subsystems of second order arithmetic are equivalent to key theorems of ordinary, non-set-theoretic mathematics. The main philosophical application of reverse mathematics proposed thus far is foundational…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-07-27 Benedict Eastaugh

The goal of this paper is to present an algebraic approach to the basic results of the theory of linear recurrence relations. This approach is based on the ideas from the theory of representations of one endomorphisms (a special case of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Nikolai V. Ivanov

Wan proved the rationality of partial toric $L$-functions using $\ell$-adic techniques. In this paper, we present a $p$-adic proof in the spirit of Dwork. We demonstrate that partial $L$-functions can be expressed as an alternating product…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-09 C. Douglas Haessig