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For a connected graph $G$, let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix of $G$ and $D(G)$ be the diagonal matrix of the degrees of the vertices in $G$. The $A_{\alpha}$-matrix of $G$ is defined as \begin{align*} A_\alpha (G) = \alpha D(G) +…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-01 Joyentanuj Das , Iswar Mahato

Graphs (i.e., networks) have become an integral tool for the representation and analysis of relational data. Advances in data gathering have lead to multi-relational data sets which exhibit greater depth and scope. In certain cases, this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-31 Gregory J. Clark , Felipe Thomaz , Andrew Stephen

Let $G$ be a connected graph with vertex set $V$. The distance, $d_G(u, v)$, between vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$ is defined as the length of a shortest path between $u$ and $v$ in $G$. The distance matrix of $G$ is the matrix $\mathbf{D}(G)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Miriam Abdón , Lilian Markenzon , Cybele T. M. Vinagre

Spectral hypergraph theory has recently attracted considerable interest as it provides a natural framework for modeling higher-order relationships beyond classical graphs. In this setting, eigenvalues of adjacency, Laplacian, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Shashwath S Shetty , K Arathi Bhat

It is known that non-isomorphic strongly regular graphs with the same parameters must be cospectral (have the same eigenvalues). In this paper, we investigate whether the spectra of higher order Laplacians associated with these graphs can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Krystal Guo , Chunxu Ji , Mutasim Mim

Here, we define a subdivision operation for a hypergraph and compute all the eigenvalues of the subdivision of regular and certain non-regular hypergraphs. In non-regular hypergraphs, we investigate the power of regular graphs, various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Anirban Banerjee , Arpita Das

Let G be a graph of given order and mu(G) be the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. We give conditions on mu(G) that imply Hamiltonicity of G and of its complement.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-01 Miroslav Fiedler , Vladimir Nikiforov

An eigenvalue of a graph $G$ is called a main eigenvalue if it has an eigenvector the sum of whose entries is not equal to zero. In this paper, all connected tricyclic graphs with exactly two main eigenvalues are determined.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-10-31 He Huang , Hanyuan Deng

An eigenvalue of a graph $G$ is called a main eigenvalue if it has an eigenvector the sum of whose entries is not equal to zero. In this paper, all connected tricyclic graphs with exactly two main eigenvalues are determined.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-07 Xiaoxia Fan , Yanfeng Luo

A recent result of one of the authors says that every connected subcubic bipartite graph that is not isomorphic to the Heawood graph has at least one, and in fact a positive proportion of its eigenvalues in the interval [-1,1]. We construct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-09 Krystal Guo , Bojan Mohar

We define pure graphs, invertible graphs, and the notion of complementation of bicoloured graphs. The study of pure graphs is motivated by two conjectures about the transition systems of eulerian graphs and by the Cycle Double Cover…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 François Genest

In this paper, we aim to address the open questions raised in various recent papers regarding characterization of circulant graphs with three or four distinct eigenvalues in their spectra. Our focus is on providing characterizations and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-11 Milan Bašić

Graph signal processing uses the graph eigenvector basis to analyze signals. However, these graph eigenvectors are typically linearly ordered (by total variation), which may not be reasonable for many graph structures. There have been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Subbareddy Batreddy , S Sai Ashish , Aditya Siripuram

This paper develops the exact linear relationship between the leading eigenvector of the unnormalized modularity matrix and the eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix. We propose a method for approximating the leading eigenvector of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-02 Hansi Jiang , Carl Meyer

Generally speaking, `almost distance-regular' graphs share some, but not necessarily all, of the regularity properties that characterize distance-regular graphs. In this paper we propose two new dual concepts of almost distance-regularity,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Cristina Dalfó , Edwin R. van Dam , Miquel Angel Fiol , Ernest Garriga

Let $\tau(G)$ and $\kappa'(G)$ denote the edge-connectivity and the spanning tree packing number of a graph $G$, respectively. Proving a conjecture initiated by Cioaba and Wong, Liu et al. in 2014 showed that for any simple graph $G$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-21 Ruifang Liu , Hong-Jian Lai , Yingzhi Tian

The rapid growth in feature dimension may introduce implicit associations between features and labels in multi-label datasets, making the relationships between features and labels increasingly complex. Moreover, existing methods often adopt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Wanfu Gao , Jun Gao , Qingqi Han , Hanlin Pan , Kunpeng Liu

To a rational homology sphere graph manifold one can associate a weighted tree invariant called splice diagram. In this article we prove a sufficient numerical condition on the splice diagram for a graph manifold to be a singularity link.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Helge Møller Pedersen

In classical homotopy theory, two spaces are homotopy equivalent if one space can be continuously deformed into the other. This theory, however, does not respect the discrete nature of graphs. For this reason, a discrete homotopy theory…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-12 Rachel Hardeman Morrill

The inverse eigenvalue problem of a graph studies the real symmetric matrices whose off-diagonal pattern is prescribed by the adjacencies of the graph. The strong spectral property (SSP) is an important tool for this problem. This note…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Shaun M. Fallat , H. Tracy Hall , Jephian C. -H. Lin , Bryan L. Shader