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The mechanical properties of thermally excited two-dimensional crystalline membranes can depend dramatically on their geometry and topology. A particularly relevant example is the effect on the crumpling transition of holes in the membrane.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-10-16 D. Yllanes , D. R. Nelson , M. J. Bowick

This paper shows a cut along a crease on an origami sheet makes simple modeling of popular traditional basic folds such as a squash fold in computational origami. The cut operation can be applied to other classical folds and significantly…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Tetsuo Ida , Hidekazu Takahashi

Plates generally admit six deformation modes: three of which are high in strain energy, stretch the plate's midsurface and are called membrane modes; and three are low-energy, bend the midsurface without stretching it and are called bending…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Adam Reddy , Asma Karami , Hussein Nassar

We consider the axial compression of a thin sheet wrapped around a rigid cylindrical substrate. In contrast to the wrinkling-to-fold transitions exhibited in similar systems, we find that the sheet always buckles into a single symmetric…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-13 Norbert Stoop , Martin Michael Müller

Odd elasticity encompasses active elastic systems whose stress-strain relationship is not compatible with a potential energy. As the requirement of energy conservation is lifted from linear elasticity, new anti-symmetric (odd) components…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-15 Michele Fossati , Colin Scheibner , Michel Fruchart , Vincenzo Vitelli

Structures like galaxies and filaments of galaxies in the Universe come about from the origami-like folding of an initially flat three-dimensional manifold in 6D phase space. The ORIGAMI method identifies these structures in a cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-23 Mark C. Neyrinck , Bridget L. Falck , Alex S. Szalay

Origami, which transforms flat sheets into three-dimensional shapes through folding patterns, has inspired the emergence of deployable systems in architecture and civil realms. Most existing origami-inspired deployable systems are based on…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-19 Munkyun Lee

We develop an intrinsic necessary and sufficient condition for single-vertex origami crease patterns to be able to fold rigidly. We classify such patterns in the case where the creases are pre-assigned to be mountains and valleys as well as…

Can folding a piece of paper flat make it larger? We explore whether a shape $S$ must be scaled to cover a flat-folded copy of itself. We consider both single folds and arbitrary folds (continuous piecewise isometries $S\rightarrow R^2$).…

We generalize the odd elasticity of planar materials to thermoelasticity, admitting spatially inhomogeneous properties. First, we show that for active systems breaking Onsager relations thermal evolution is given by an odd generalization of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-02-23 Martin Ostoja-Starzewski , Piotr Surówka

This article reviews the so-called "axioms" of origami (paper folding), which are elementary single-fold operations to achieve incidences between points and lines in a sheet of paper. The geometry of reflections is applied, and exhaustive…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-06-09 Jorge C. Lucero

Following on Part I of this work series on local kirigami mechanics, we present a study of a discretely creased mechanism as a model to investigate the mechanics of the basic geometric building block of kirigami--the e-cone. We consider an…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-14 Souhayl Sadik , Martin G. Walker , Marcelo A. Dias

This paper establishes a rigorous geometrical framework for spherical origami, origami using spherical sheets based on spherical geometry. Two settings are treated: origami restricted to the unit sphere ($\mathbb{S}^2$), and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Takashi Yoshino

A transitional layer matching the asymptotically flat exterior of a charged, massive toroidal body to an interior with spatially cylindrical symmetry is described. The changes in the geometry, which by themselves would require an energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew J. Janca

As a confined thin sheet crumples, it spontaneously segments into flat facets delimited by a network of ridges. Despite the apparent disorder of this process, statistical properties of crumpled sheets exhibit striking reproducibility.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-08 Jovana Andrejevic , Lisa M. Lee , Shmuel M. Rubinstein , Chris H. Rycroft

An energy-based model is developed to describe the periodic formation of voids/saddle reefs in hinge zones of chevron folds. Such patterns have been observed in a series of experiments on layers of paper, as well as in the field. A…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2014-04-28 Timothy J. Dodwell , Giles W. Hunt

Programmable folding of elastic sheets typically relies on predefined flexible creases or active materials-enabled hinges, which lack intrinsic bistability and limit reprogrammability within a single structure. Here, we present a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-05 Qun Zhang , Weicheng Huang , Amir Hajiyavand , Hyunyoung Kim , Claire Dancer , Karl Dearn , Mingchao Liu

Minimizing the elastic free energy of a thin sheet of nematic polymer network among smooth isometric immersions is the strategy purported by the mainstream theory. In this paper, we broaden the class of admissible spontaneous deformations:…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-12-24 Andrea Pedrini , Epifanio G. Virga

Origami has shown the potential to approximate three-dimensional curved surfaces by folding through designed crease patterns on flat materials. The Miura-ori tessellation is a widely used pattern in engineering and tiles the plane when…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Yucai Hu , Yexin Zhou , Haiyi Liang

We introduce a new numerical technique, namely triangular tessellation, to calculate the free energy associated with the adsorption of a colloidal particle at a flat interface. The theory and numerical scheme presented here are sufficiently…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-05-14 Joost de Graaf , Marjolein Dijkstra , Rene van Roij