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Neural network quantization is widely used to reduce model inference complexity in real-world deployments. However, traditional integer quantization suffers from accuracy degradation when adapting to various dynamic ranges. Recent research…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Zhuoyi Zhang , Yunchen Zhang , Gonglei Shi , Yu Shen , Ruihao Gong , Xiaoxu Xia , Qi Zhang , Lewei Lu , Xianglong Liu

With the surging popularity of edge computing, the need to efficiently perform neural network inference on battery-constrained IoT devices has greatly increased. While algorithmic developments enable neural networks to solve increasingly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Maarten Molendijk , Floran de Putter , Henk Corporaal

Neural network training is a memory- and compute-intensive task. Quantization, which enables low-bitwidth formats in training, can significantly mitigate the workload. To reduce quantization error, recent methods have developed new data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Wenjin Guo , Donglai Liu , Weiying Xie , Yunsong Li , Xuefei Ning , Zihan Meng , Shulin Zeng , Jie Lei , Zhenman Fang , Yu Wang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) can be made hardware-efficient by reducing the numerical precision of the weights and activations of the network and by improving the network's resilience to noise. However, this gain in efficiency often comes at…

We introduce a precision polarization scheme for DNN inference that utilizes only very low and very high precision levels, assigning low precision to the majority of network weights and activations while reserving high precision paths for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dinithi Jayasuriya , Nastaran Darabi , Maeesha Binte Hashem , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Quantizing weights and activations of deep neural networks results in significant improvement in inference efficiency at the cost of lower accuracy. A source of the accuracy gap between full precision and quantized models is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Hadi Pouransari , Zhucheng Tu , Oncel Tuzel

Deep neural network (DNN) quantization converting floating-point (FP) data in the network to integers (INT) is an effective way to shrink the model size for memory saving and simplify the operations for compute acceleration. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Yukuan Yang , Shuang Wu , Lei Deng , Tianyi Yan , Yuan Xie , Guoqi Li

Low-precision weights and activations in deep neural networks (DNNs) outperform their full-precision counterparts in terms of hardware efficiency. When implemented with low-precision operations, specifically in the extreme case where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Behnam Ghavami , Mohammad Shahidzadeh , Lesley Shannon , Steve Wilton

By quantizing network weights and activations to low bitwidth, we can obtain hardware-friendly and energy-efficient networks. However, existing quantization techniques utilizing the straight-through estimator and piecewise constant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Hiroyuki Tokunaga , Joel Nicholls , Daria Vazhenina , Atsunori Kanemura

Quantizing deep networks with adaptive bit-widths is a promising technique for efficient inference across many devices and resource constraints. In contrast to static methods that repeat the quantization process and train different models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Ximeng Sun , Rameswar Panda , Chun-Fu Chen , Naigang Wang , Bowen Pan , Kailash Gopalakrishnan , Aude Oliva , Rogerio Feris , Kate Saenko

Conventional model quantization methods use a fixed quantization scheme to different data samples, which ignores the inherent "recognition difficulty" differences between various samples. We propose to feed different data samples with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Chen Tang , Haoyu Zhai , Kai Ouyang , Zhi Wang , Yifei Zhu , Wenwu Zhu

We introduce a data-free quantization method for deep neural networks that does not require fine-tuning or hyperparameter selection. It achieves near-original model performance on common computer vision architectures and tasks. 8-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Markus Nagel , Mart van Baalen , Tijmen Blankevoort , Max Welling

Mixed-precision Deep Neural Networks achieve the energy efficiency and throughput needed for hardware deployment, particularly when the resources are limited, without sacrificing accuracy. However, the optimal per-layer bit precision that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Mariam Rakka , Mohammed E. Fouda , Pramod Khargonekar , Fadi Kurdahi

Efficient inference is critical for deploying deep learning models on edge AI devices. Low-bit quantization (e.g., 3- and 4-bit) with fixed-point arithmetic improves efficiency, while low-power memory technologies like analog nonvolatile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Anmol Biswas , Raghav Singhal , Sivakumar Elangovan , Shreyas Sabnis , Udayan Ganguly

Training Deep Neural Networks is complicated by the fact that the distribution of each layer's inputs changes during training, as the parameters of the previous layers change. This slows down the training by requiring lower learning rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Sergey Ioffe , Christian Szegedy

Quantization neural networks (QNNs) are very attractive to the industry because their extremely cheap calculation and storage overhead, but their performance is still worse than that of networks with full-precision parameters. Most of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Chuanjian Liu , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang , Hanting Chen , Qi Tian , Chunjing Xu

This paper explores the combination of neural network quantization and entropy coding for memory footprint minimization. Edge deployment of quantized models is hampered by the harsh Pareto frontier of the accuracy-to-bitwidth tradeoff,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 C. Metz , O. Bichler , A. Dupret

In this paper we present a simple and computationally efficient quantization scheme that enables us to reduce the resolution of the parameters of a neural network from 32-bit floating point values to 8-bit integer values. The proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Raziel Alvarez , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Anton Bakhtin

Quantized deep neural networks (QDNNs) are attractive due to their much lower memory storage and faster inference speed than their regular full precision counterparts. To maintain the same performance level especially at low bit-widths,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Penghang Yin , Shuai Zhang , Jiancheng Lyu , Stanley Osher , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin

Low-bit quantized neural networks are of great interest in practical applications because they significantly reduce the consumption of both memory and computational resources. Binary neural networks are memory and computationally efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Anton Trusov , Elena Limonova , Dmitry Nikolaev , Vladimir V. Arlazarov