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We consider the problem of minimizing the age of information when a source can transmit status updates over two heterogeneous channels. Our work is motivated by recent developments in 5G mmWave technology, where transmissions may occur over…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jiayu Pan , Ahmed M. Bedewy , Yin Sun , Ness B. Shroff

The age of incorrect information (AoII) process which keeps track of the time since the source and monitor processes are in sync, has been extensively used in remote estimation problems. In this paper, we consider a push-based remote…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ismail Cosandal , Sennur Ulukus , Nail Akar

When making decisions in a network, it is important to have up-to-date knowledge of the current state of the system. Obtaining this information, however, comes at a cost. In this paper, we determine the optimal finite-time update policy for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Eric Graves , Jake B. Perazzone , Kevin Chan

The age of information metric fails to correctly describe the intrinsic semantics of a status update. In an intelligent reflecting surface-aided cooperative relay communication system, we propose the age of semantics (AoS) for measuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Xianfu Chen , Zhifeng Zhao , Shiwen Mao , Celimuge Wu , Honggang Zhang , Mehdi Bennis

In this paper, we consider the multicast transmission of a real-time Internet of Things (IoT) system, where an access point (AP) transmits time-stamped status updates to multiple IoT devices. Different from the existing studies that only…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Jie Li , Yong Zhou , He Chen

In this paper, we consider a single-source multi-server generate-at-will discrete-time non-preemptive status update system where update packets are transmitted using {\em only one} of the available servers, according to a server selection…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Nail Akar , Ismail Cosandal , Sennur Ulukus

We consider a multi-source relaying system where independent sources randomly generate status update packets which are sent to the destination with the aid of a relay through unreliable links. We develop transmission scheduling policies to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-10 Abolfazl Zakeri , Mohammad Moltafet , Markus Leinonen , Marian Codreanu

Applications like environmental sensing, and health and activity sensing, are supported by networks of devices (nodes) that send periodic packet transmissions over the wireless channel to a sink node. We look at simple abstractions that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-10 Sanjit K. Kaul , Roy D. Yates

This paper investigates the average age of information (AoI) minimization in status update systems in which the update packets are transmitted with fixed rate. It is assumed that the source avoids queue-induced delay by generating and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Deli Qiao , M. Cenk Gursoy

We address the real-time remote tracking problem in a status update system comprising two sensors, two independent information sources, and a remote monitor. The status updating follows a pull-based communication, where the monitor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Abolfazl Zakeri , Mohammad Moltafet , Marian Codreanu

We consider a status update system consisting of a sampler, a sink, and a controller located at the sink. The controller sends requests to the sampler to generate and transmit status updates. Packet transmissions from the controller to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jinxin Yang , Mohammad Moltafet , Hamid R. Sadjadpour

Modern sensing and monitoring applications typically consist of sources transmitting updates of different sizes, ranging from a few bytes (position, temperature, etc.) to multiple megabytes (images, video frames, LIDAR point scans, etc.).…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-09 Zhuoyi Zhao , Vishrant Tripathi , Igor Kadota

This work studies the average age of information (AoI) of a monitoring system in which two sensors are sensing the same physical process and update status to a common monitor using their dedicated channels. Generally, using redundant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Tianqing Yang , Zhengchuan Chen , Howard H. Yang , Min Wang , Yunjian Jia , Tony Q. S. Quek

In 5G and beyond communication systems, the notion of latency gets great momentum in wireless connectivity as a metric for serving real-time communications requirements. However, in many applications, research has pointed out that latency…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Emmanouil Fountoulakis , Themistoklis Charalambous , Anthony Ephremides , Nikolaos Pappas

Using age of information as the freshness metric, we examine a multicast network in which real-time status updates are generated by the source and sent to a group of $n$ interested receivers. We show that in order to keep the information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Jing Zhong , Emina Soljanin , Roy D. Yates

In the status update system, the freshness of information is drawing more and more attention. To measure the freshness of the data, age-of-synchronization (AoS) is introduced. Since many communication devices are energy-constrained, how to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Jiajie Huang , Jie Gong

A status updating system is considered in which a variable length code is used to transmit messages to a receiver over a noisy channel. The goal is to optimize the codewords lengths such that successfully-decoded messages are timely. That…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Ahmed Arafa , Richard D. Wesel

We consider the problem of real-time remote monitoring of a two-state Markov process, where a sensor observes the state of the source and makes a decision on whether to transmit the status updates over an unreliable channel or not. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Mehrdad Salimnejad , Marios Kountouris , Anthony Ephremides , Nikolaos Pappas

The freshness of status updates is imperative in mission-critical Internet of things (IoT) applications. Recently, Age of Information (AoI) has been proposed to measure the freshness of updates at the receiver. However, AoI only…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Wenrui Lin , Xijun Wang , Chao Xu , Xinghua Sun , Xiang Chen

In this work, we study how to optimally manage the freshness of information updates sent from a source node to a destination via a channel. A proper metric for data freshness at the destination is the age-of-information, or simply age,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Yin Sun , Elif Uysal-Biyikoglu , Roy D. Yates , C. Emre Koksal , Ness B. Shroff