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We give a constructive proof of the Hodge conjecture for complex $K3$ surfaces that does not rely on Torelli-type results. Starting with an arbitrary rational $(1,1)$-class $\alpha\in H^{1,1}(X,\mathbb{Q})$, we algorithmically build a…

A polynomial knot in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is a smooth embedding of $\mathbb{R}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that the component functions are real polynomials. In the earlier paper with Mishra, we have studied the space $\mathcal{P}$ of polynomial…

We extend knot contact homology to a theory over the ring $\mathbb{Z}[\lambda^{\pm 1},\mu^{\pm 1}]$, with the invariant given topologically and combinatorially. The improved invariant, which is defined for framed knots in $S^3$ and can be…

Consider a continuous flow in $\mathbb{R}^3$ or any orientable $3$-manifold. Let $(Q_1, Q_0)$ be an index pair in the sense of Conley and consider the region $N := \overline{Q_1 - Q_0}$. (An example of this is a compact $3$-manifold $N$…

An invariant of orientable 3-manifolds is defined by taking the minimum $n$ such that a given 3-manifold embeds in the connected sum of $n$ copies of $S^2 \times S^2$, and we call this $n$ the embedding number of the 3-manifold. We give…

Let $\alpha$ be a polygonal Jordan curve in $\bfR^3$. We show that if $\alpha$ satisfies certain conditions, then the least-area Douglas-Rad\'{o} disk in $\bfR^3$ with boundary $\alpha$ is unique and is a smooth graph. As our conditions on…

We extend the results of B. Minemyer by showing that any indefinite metric polyhedron (either compact or not) with the vertex degree bounded from above admits an isometric simplicial embedding into a Minkowski space of the lowest possible…

(1) We show that if a presentation of the trivial group is "hard to trivialize", in the sense that lots of Tietze moves are necessary to transform it into the trivial presentation, then the associated presentation complex (which is a…

We prove that if a closed manifold $B$ is a connected component of the binding of an open book decomposition of a manifold $M$, then every open book decomposition of $B$ spun embeds in $M$. As an application, we prove that every open book…

We generalize the notion of graph minors to all (finite) simplicial complexes. For every two simplicial complexes H and K and every nonnegative integer m, we prove that if H is a minor of K then the non vanishing of Van Kampen's obstruction…

In this paper it is shown that every compact two-dimensional manifold $S$, with or without boundary, can be embedded in $\mathbb C^3$ as a smooth submanifold $\Sigma$ in such a way that the polynomially convex hull of $\Sigma$, though…

We construct simply connected, complete, non-$CMC$ biconservative surfaces in the $3$-dimensional hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^3$ in an intrinsic and extrinsic way. We obtain three families of such surfaces, and, for each surface, the set…

In this survey-research paper, we first introduce the theory of Smith classes of complexes with fixed-point free, periodic maps on them. These classes, when defined for the deleted product of a simplicial complex $K$, are the same as the…

In this paper, we extend the definition of the $SL_2(\Bbb C)$ Casson invariant to arbitrary knots $K$ in integral homology 3-spheres and relate it to the $m$-degree of the $\widehat{A}$-polynomial of $K$. We prove a product formula for the…

Let M be $S^3$, $S^1\times S^2$, or a lens space L(p,q), and let k be a (1,1)-knot in M, i.e., a knot which is of 1-bridge with respect to a Heegaard torus. We show that if there is a closed meridionally incompressible surface in the…

We define a coalgebra structure for open strings transverse to any framed codimension 2 submanifold. When the submanifold is a knot in R^3, we show this structure recovers a specialization of the Ng cord algebra, a non-trivial knot…

E. Calabi and J. Cao showed that a closed geodesic of least length in a two-sphere with nonnegative curvature is always simple. Using min-max theory, we prove that for some higher dimensions, this result holds without assumptions on the…

In a paper of Menasco and Reid, it is conjectured that there exist no hyperbolic knots in S^3 for which the complement contains a closed embedded totally geodesic surface. In this note, we show that one can get "as close as possible" to a…

Whitney's theorem states that every 3-connected planar graph is uniquely embeddable on the sphere. On the other hand, it has many inequivalent embeddings on another surface. We shall characterize structures of a $3$-connected $3$-regular…

We present a short proof of S. Parsa's theorem that there exists a compact $n$-polyhedron $P$, $n\ge 2$, non-embeddable in $\mathbb R^{2n}$, such that $P*P$ embeds in $\mathbb R^{4n+2}$. This proof can serve as a showcase for the use of…