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Many medical and biological protocols for analyzing individual biological cells involve morphological evaluation based on cell staining, designed to enhance imaging contrast and enable clinicians and biologists to differentiate between…

Melanoma diagnosed and treated in its early stages can increase the survival rate. A projected increase in skin cancer incidents and a dearth of dermatopathologists have emphasized the need for computational pathology (CPATH) systems. CPATH…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-07 Neel Kanwal , Roger Amundsen , Helga Hardardottir , Luca Tomasetti , Erling Sandoy Undersrud , Emiel A. M. Janssen , Kjersti Engan

Conventional hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining is limited to revealing cell morphology and distribution, whereas immunohistochemical (IHC) staining provides precise and specific visualization of protein activation at the molecular level.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-30 Fuqiang Chen , Ranran Zhang , Boyun Zheng , Yiwen Sun , Jiahui He , Wenjian Qin

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging of the subcellular organisation and morphology of cells and tissues is essential for understanding biological function. Although staining is the most widely used approach for visualising biological samples…

Histopathology, particularly hematoxylin and eosin (H\&E) staining, plays a critical role in diagnosing and characterizing pathological conditions by highlighting tissue morphology. However, H\&E-stained images inherently lack molecular…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Qing Wang , Wen-jie Chen , Bo Li , Jing Su , Guangyu Wang , Qianqian Song

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) can be used as an important tool to aid and enhance pathologists' diagnostic decision-making. Deep learning techniques, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and fully convolutional networks (FCN), have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Dalí F. D. dos Santos , Paulo R. de Faria , Adriano M. Loyola , Sérgio V. Cardoso , Bruno A. N. Travençolo , Marcelo Z. do Nascimento

Digital whole-slide images of pathological tissue samples have recently become feasible for use within routine diagnostic practice. These gigapixel sized images enable pathologists to perform reviews using computer workstations instead of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Jesper Molin , Anna Bodén , Darren Treanor , Morten Fjeld , Claes Lundström

Segmentation of histopathology sections is an ubiquitous requirement in digital pathology and due to the large variability of biological tissue, machine learning techniques have shown superior performance over standard image processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Philipp Kainz , Michael Pfeiffer , Martin Urschler

As deep learning models gain attraction in medical data, ensuring transparent and trustworthy decision-making is essential. In skin cancer diagnosis, while advancements in lesion detection and classification have improved accuracy, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Sadia Kamal , Tim Oates

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful quantitative technique that provides metabolic and molecular contrast, offering strong translational potential for label-free, real-time diagnostics. However, its clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Paloma Casteleiro Costa , Parnian Ghapandar Kashani , Xuhui Liu , Alexander Chen , Ary Portes , Julien Bec , Laura Marcu , Aydogan Ozcan

With the advent of digital scanners and deep learning, diagnostic operations may move from a microscope to a desktop. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining is one of the most frequently used stains for disease analysis, diagnosis, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Shikha Dubey , Tushar Kataria , Beatrice Knudsen , Shireen Y. Elhabian

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) holds significant potential for transforming the field of computational pathology. However, there is currently a shortage of pixel-wise annotated HSI data necessary for training deep learning (DL) models.…

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Despite significant research efforts and advancements, cancer remains a leading cause of mortality. Early cancer prediction has become a crucial focus in cancer research to streamline patient care and improve treatment outcomes. Manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Samta Rani , Tanvir Ahmad , Sarfaraz Masood , Chandni Saxena

Label-free characterization of biological specimens seeks to supplement existing imaging techniques and avoid the need for contrast agents that can disturb the native state of living samples. Conventional label-free optical imaging…

Deep learning has been widely used to analyze digitized hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histopathology whole slide images. Automated cancer segmentation using deep learning can be used to diagnose malignancy and to find novel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 David Joon Ho , M. Herman Chui , Chad M. Vanderbilt , Jiwon Jung , Mark E. Robson , Chan-Sik Park , Jin Roh , Thomas J. Fuchs

Detecting cancer manually in whole slide images requires significant time and effort on the laborious process. Recent advances in whole slide image analysis have stimulated the growth and development of machine learning-based approaches…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Sanghoon Lee , Colton Farley , Simon Shim , Yanjun Zhao , Wookjin Choi , Wook-Sung Yoo

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the gold standard technique for removing high risk nonmelanoma skin cancer however, intraoperative histopathological examination demands significant time, effort, and professionality. The objective of this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Abdurrahim Yilmaz , Serra Atilla Aydin , Deniz Temur , Furkan Yuceyalcin , Berkin Deniz Kahya , Rahmetullah Varol , Ozay Gokoz , Gulsum Gencoglan , Huseyin Uvet , Gonca Elcin

High-performance deep learning methods typically rely on large annotated training datasets, which are difficult to obtain in many clinical applications due to the high cost of medical image labeling. Existing data assessment methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Chun-Yin Huang , Qi Lei , Xiaoxiao Li

Complete removal of cancer tumors with a negative specimen margin during lumpectomy is essential in reducing breast cancer recurrence. However, 2D specimen radiography (SR), the current method used to assess intraoperative specimen margin…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Tyler Ward , Xiaoqin Wang , Braxton McFarland , Md Atik Ahamed , Sahar Nozad , Talal Arshad , Hafsa Nebbache , Jin Chen , Abdullah Imran