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Quantum cellular automata consist in arrays of identical finite-dimensional quantum systems, evolving in discrete-time steps by iterating a unitary operator G. Moreover the global evolution G is required to be causal (it propagates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 Pablo Arrighi

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) constitute space and time homogeneous discrete models for quantum field theories (QFTs). Although QFTs are defined without reference to particles, computations are done in terms of Feynman diagrams, which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-27 David A. Meyer , Asif Shakeel

We prove that the group of reversible cellular automata (RCA), on any alphabet $A$, contains a subgroup generated by three involutions which contains an isomorphic copy of every finitely generated group of RCA on any alphabet $B$. This…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Ville Salo

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) are reviewed, including early and more recent proposals. QCA are a generalization of (classical) cellular automata (CA) and in particular of reversible CA. The latter are reviewed shortly. An overview is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-06 K. Wiesner

We study the generic limit sets of one-dimensional cellular automata, which intuitively capture their asymptotic dynamics while discarding transient phenomena. As our main results, we characterize the automata whose generic limit set is a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Ilkka Törmä

This paper examines the claim that cellular automata (CA) belonging to Class III (in Wolfram's classification) are capable of (Turing universal) computation. We explore some chaotic CA (believed to belong to Class III) reported over the…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2013-04-05 Genaro J. Martinez , Juan C. Seck-Tuoh-Mora , Hector Zenil

Number-conserving cellular automata (NCCA) are particularly interesting, both because of their natural appearance as models of real systems, and because of the strong restrictions that number-conservation implies. Here we extend the…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Andres Moreira

We consider the group structure of quantum cellular automata (QCA) modulo circuits and show that it is abelian even without assuming the presence of ancillas, at least for most reasonable choices of control space; this is a corollary of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 Michael Freedman , Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings

Cellular automata (CAs) are fully-discrete dynamical models that have received much attention due to the fact that their relatively simple setup can nonetheless express highly complex phenomena. Despite the model's theoretical maturity and…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-07-10 Michiel Rollier , Kallil M. C. Zielinski , Aisling J. Daly , Odemir M. Bruno , Jan M. Baetens

Over an arbitrary commutative ring $R$, we develop a theory of quantum cellular automata. We then use algebraic K-theory to construct a space $\mathbf{Q}(X)$ of quantum cellular automata (QCA) on a given metric space $X$. In most cases of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Mattie Ji , Bowen Yang

In this paper we introduce the concept of a Cayley graph automatic group (CGA group or graph automatic group, for short) which generalizes the standard notion of an automatic group. Like the usual automatic groups graph automatic ones enjoy…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-12 Olga Kharlampovich , Bakhadyr Khoussainov , Alexei Miasnikov

We investigate cellular automata where some global quantity varies periodically or quasiperiodically with time. We find that these systems are highly predictable, and can be rather well described by a set of mean-field variables. We…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Jan Hemmingsson , Hans J. Herrmann

Any algorithm (in the sense of Gurevich's abstract-state-machine axiomatization of classical algorithms) operating over any arbitrary unordered domain can be simulated by a dynamic cellular automaton, that is, by a pattern-directed cellular…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-04-14 Nachum Dershowitz , Evgenia Falkovich

For a finite group $G$ and a finite set $A$, we study various algebraic aspects of cellular automata over the configuration space $A^G$. In this situation, the set $\text{CA}(G;A)$ of all cellular automata over $A^G$ is a finite monoid…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Alonso Castillo-Ramirez , Maximilien Gadouleau

For a group $G$ and a finite set $A$, denote by $\text{CA}(G;A)$ the monoid of all cellular automata over $A^G$ and by $\text{ICA}(G;A)$ its group of units. We study the minimal cardinality of a generating set, known as the rank, of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-11 Alonso Castillo-Ramirez , Miguel Sanchez-Alvarez

We provide algebraic criteria for the unitarity of linear quantum cellular automata, i.e. one dimensional quantum cellular automata. We derive these both by direct combinatorial arguments, and by adding constraints into the model which do…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-29 Pablo Arrighi

Cellular automata are a fundamental computational model with applications in mathematics, computer science, and physics. In this work, we explore the study of cellular automata to cases where the universe is a group, introducing the concept…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Tawfiq Hamed , Mohammad Saleh

Wolfram has provided a qualitative classification of cellular automata(CA) rules according to which, there exits a class of CA rules (called Class 4) which exhibit complex pattern formation and long-lived dynamical activity (long…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 Avinash Dhar , Porus Lakdawala , Gautam Mandal , Spenta R. Wadia

This paper is about topological dynamics of cellular automata on finitely generated groups. We tackle the problem of determining for which group sensitivity to initial conditions is equivalent to the absence of equicontinuity points…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Jade Angela Hope Audouard , Guillaume Theyssier

Let $G$ be a group and let $A$ be a finite set with at least two elements. A cellular automaton (CA) over $A^G$ is a function $\tau : A^G \to A^G$ defined via a finite memory set $S \subseteq G$ and a local function $\mu :A^S \to A$. The…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-10 A. Castillo-Ramirez , M. Sanchez-Alvarez , A. Vazquez-Aceves , A. Zaldivar-Corichi
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