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When working on intelligent tutor systems designed for mathematics education and its specificities, an interesting objective is to provide relevant help to the students by anticipating their next steps. This can only be done by knowing,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Ludovic Font , Sébastien Cyr , Philippe R. Richard , Michel Gagnon

The problem-solving in automated theorem proving (ATP) can be interpreted as a search problem where the prover constructs a proof tree step by step. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning algorithm for proof search in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Mitsuru Kusumoto , Keisuke Yahata , Masahiro Sakai

Conjecturing and theorem proving are activities at the center of mathematical practice and are difficult to separate. In this paper, we propose a framework for completing incomplete conjectures and incomplete proofs. The framework can turn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Salwa Tabet Gonzalez , Predrag Janičić , Julien Narboux

One of the biggest challenges in the research of generative adversarial networks (GANs) is assessing the quality of generated samples and detecting various levels of mode collapse. In this work, we construct a novel measure of performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Valentin Khrulkov , Ivan Oseledets

Mechanical reasoning is a key area of research that lies at the crossroads of mathematical logic and artificial intelligence. The main aim to develop mechanical reasoning systems (also known as theorem provers) was to enable mathematicians…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-12-09 M. Saqib Nawaz , Moin Malik , Yi Li , Meng Sun , M. Ikram Ullah Lali

We consider the task of automated theorem proving, a key AI task. Deep learning has shown promise for training theorem provers, but there are limited human-written theorems and proofs available for supervised learning. To address this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Mingzhe Wang , Jia Deng

We introduce and discuss, through a computational algebraic geometry approach, the automatic reasoning handling of propositions that are simultaneously true and false over some relevant collections of instances. A rigorous, algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Zoltán Kovács , Tomás Recio , M. Pilar Vélez

When mathematicians present proofs they usually adapt their explanations to their didactic goals and to the (assumed) knowledge of their addressees. Modern automated theorem provers, in contrast, present proofs usually at a fixed level of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-05-26 Marvin Schiller , Christoph Benzmueller

Electronic exams (e-exams) have the potential to substantially reduce the effort required for conducting an exam through automation. Yet, care must be taken to sacrifice neither task complexity nor constructive alignment nor grading…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Ole Lübke , Konrad Fuger , Fin Hendrik Bahnsen , Katrin Billerbeck , Sibylle Schupp

"Theorem proving is similar to the game of Go. So, we can probably improve our provers using deep learning, like DeepMind built the super-human computer Go program, AlphaGo." Such optimism has been observed among participants of AITP2017.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Yutaka Nagashima

The Web Geometry Laboratory (WGL) is a collaborative and adaptive e-learning Web platform integrating a well known dynamic geometry system. Thousands of Geometric problems for Geometric Theorem Provers (TGTP) is a Web-based repository of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Pedro Quaresma , Vanda Santos , Nuno Baeta

We explore the application of transformer-based language models to automated theorem proving. This work is motivated by the possibility that a major limitation of automated theorem provers compared to humans -- the generation of original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Stanislas Polu , Ilya Sutskever

Comparison of geometric quantities usually means obtaining generally true equalities of different algebraic expressions of a given geometric figure. Today's technical possibilities already support symbolic proofs of a conjectured theorem,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Zoltán Kovács , Róbert Vajda

We report on several scenarios of using automated theorem proving software in university education. In particular, we focus on using the Theorema system in a software-enhanced logic-course for students in computer science or artificial…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Wolfgang Windsteiger

Geometry problem solving (GPS) represents a critical frontier in artificial intelligence, with profound applications in education, computer-aided design, and computational graphics. Despite its significance, automating GPS remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yurui Zhao , Xiang Wang , Jiahong Liu , Irwin King , Zhitao Huang

The proofs first generated by automated theorem provers are far from optimal by any measure of simplicity. In this paper I describe a technique for simplifying automated proofs. Hopefully this discussion will stimulate interest in the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Michael Kinyon

This paper presents an intelligent tutoring system, GeoTutor, for Euclidean Geometry that is automatically able to synthesize proof problems and their respective solutions given a geometric figure together with a set of properties true of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-10-30 Chris Alvin , Sumit Gulwani , Rupak Majumdar , Supratik Mukhopadhyay

A major challenge in applying machine learning to automated theorem proving is the scarcity of training data, which is a key ingredient in training successful deep learning models. To tackle this problem, we propose an approach that relies…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Eser Aygün , Zafarali Ahmed , Ankit Anand , Vlad Firoiu , Xavier Glorot , Laurent Orseau , Doina Precup , Shibl Mourad

Saturation-style automated theorem provers (ATPs) based on the given clause procedure are today the strongest general reasoners for classical first-order logic. The clause selection heuristics in such systems are, however, often evaluating…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Karel Chvalovský , Jan Jakubův , Miroslav Olšák , Josef Urban

The purpose of this paper is to explore the question "to what extent could we produce formal, machine-verifiable, proofs in real algebraic geometry?" The question has been asked before but as yet the leading algorithms for answering such…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Erika {Á}brahám , James Davenport , Matthew England , Gereon Kremer , Zak Tonks