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Virtual Private Network (VPN) solutions are used to connect private networks securely over the Internet. Besides their benefits in corporate environments, VPNs are also marketed to privacy-minded users to preserve their privacy, and to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Teemu Rytilahti , Thorsten Holz

As more users adopt VPNs for a variety of reasons, it is important to develop empirical knowledge of their needs and mental models of what a VPN offers. Moreover, studying VPN users alone is not enough because, by using a VPN, a user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Reethika Ramesh , Anjali Vyas , Roya Ensafi

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) helps to mitigate security and privacy risks of data transmitting on unsecured network such as public Wi-Fi. However, despite awareness of public Wi-Fi risks becoming increasingly common, the use of VPN when…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Nissy Sombatruang , Tan Omiya , Daisuke Miyamoto , M. Angela Sasse , Youki Kadobayashi , Michelle Baddeley

With constant threats to the safety of personal data in the United States, privacy literacy has become an increasingly important competency among university students, one that ties intimately to the information sharing behavior of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Brady D. Lund , Bryan Anderson , Ana Roeschley , Gahangir Hossain

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are a crucial Privacy-Enhancing Technology (PET) leveraged by millions of users and catered by multiple VPN providers worldwide; thus, understanding the user preferences for the choice of VPN apps should be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Rohit Raj , Mridul Newar , Mainack Mondal

Universities have been forced to rely on remote educational technology to facilitate the rapid shift to online learning. In doing so, they acquire new risks of security vulnerabilities and privacy violations. To help universities navigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Shaanan Cohney , Ross Teixeira , Anne Kohlbrenner , Arvind Narayanan , Mihir Kshirsagar , Yan Shvartzshnaider , Madelyn Sanfilippo

Internet users increasingly rely on commercial virtual private network (VPN) services to protect their security and privacy. The VPN services route the client's traffic over an encrypted tunnel to a VPN gateway in the cloud. Thus, they hide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Thanh Bui , Siddharth Prakash Rao , Markku Antikainen , Tuomas Aura

Protecting personal information privacy has become a controversial issue among online social network providers and users. Most social network providers have developed several techniques to decrease threats and risks to the users privacy.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Nahier Aldhafferi , Charles Watson , A. S. M Sajeev

Despite significant improvements in automatic speech recognition and spoken language understanding - human interaction with Virtual Personal Assistants (VPAs) through speech remains irregular and sporadic. According to recent studies,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-07-13 Mateusz Dubiel , Martin Halvey , Leif Azzopardi

The interest in virtualization has been growing rapidly in the IT industry because of inherent benefits like better resource utilization and ease of system manageability. The experimentation and use of virtualization as well as the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2011-05-03 Ishtiaq Ali , Natarajan Meghanathan

Availing services provided via the Internet became a widely accepted means in organising one's life. Beside others, eLearning goes with this trend as well. But, while employing Internet service makes life more convenient, at the same time,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Katrin Borcea-Pfitzmann , Anne-Katrin Stange

AI-driven applications have become woven into students' academic and creative workflows, influencing how they learn, write, and produce ideas. Gaining a nuanced understanding of these usage patterns is essential, yet conventional survey and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Donghan Hu , Rameen Mahmood , Annabelle David , Danny Yuxing Huang

The new information and communication technology providers collect increasing amounts of personal data, a lot of which is user generated. Unless use policies are privacy-friendly, this leaves users vulnerable to privacy risks such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Jana Korunovska , Bernadette Kamleitner , Sarah Spiekermann

Though objectives of trusted routing and virtual private networks (VPN) data transfer methods are to guarantee data transfer securely to from senders to receivers over public networks like Internet yet there are paramount differences…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-09-02 Osuolale Abdulrahamon Tiamiyu

People are concerned about privacy, particularly on the Internet. While many studies have provided evidence of this concern, few have explored the nature of the concern in detail, especially for the online environment. With this study, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Lorrie Faith Cranor , Joseph Reagle , Mark S. Ackerman

How do commercial VPNs interact with IPv6? We show two "rough edges" in how commercial VPNs handle IPv6. First, we show that many IPv4-only VPNs leak IPv6 traffic to the ISP. Individual use VPNs in part to conceal their local IP addresses,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yejin Cho , John Heidemann

Anecdotal evidence suggests an increasing number of people are turning to VPN services for the properties of privacy, anonymity and free communication over the internet. Despite this, there is little research into what these services are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Oliver Farnan , Alexander Darer , Joss Wright

Users disclose ever-increasing amounts of personal data on Social Network Service platforms (SNS). Unless SNSs' policies are privacy friendly, this leaves them vulnerable to privacy risks because they ignore the privacy policies. Designers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Jana Korunovska , Bernadette Kamleitner , Sarah Spiekermann

VPN adoption has seen steady growth over the past decade due to increased public awareness of privacy and surveillance threats. In response, certain governments are attempting to restrict VPN access by identifying connections using "dual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Diwen Xue , Reethika Ramesh , Arham Jain , Michalis Kallitsis , J. Alex Halderman , Jedidiah R. Crandall , Roya Ensafi

Digital devices like tablets, media players, and kiosks are increasingly deployed in U.S. prisons. These technologies can enable incarcerated people to access education, communicate with loved ones, and develop vital reentry skills.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yael Eiger , Nino Migineishvili , Emi Yoshikawa , Liza Nadtochiy , Kentrell Owens , Franziska Roesner
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