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If millicharged particles (MCPs) exist they can be created in the atmosphere when high energy cosmic rays collide with nuclei and could subsequently be detected at neutrino experiments. We extend previous work, which considered MCPs from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-27 Han Wu , Edward Hardy , Ningqiang Song

We consider the production of a "fast flux" of hypothetical millicharged particles (mCPs) in the interstellar medium (ISM). We consider two possible sources induced by cosmic rays: (a) $pp\rightarrow$(meson)$\rightarrow$(mCP) which adds to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-19 Roni Harnik , Ryan Plestid , Maxim Pospelov , Harikrishnan Ramani

Millicharged particles (MCPs) arise in many well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model and are a popular subject for experimental searches. We investigate attenuation of the MCP flux produced at accelerator experiments due to their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-14 Nataliya Arefyeva , Sergei Gninenko , Dmitry Gorbunov , Dmitry Kirpichnikov

We report on a search for millicharged particles (mCPs) produced in cosmic ray proton atmospheric interactions using data collected during the first science run of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment. The mCPs produced by two processes -- meson decay…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-06-19 J. Aalbers , D. S. Akerib , A. K. Al Musalhi , F. Alder , C. S. Amarasinghe , A. Ames , T. J. Anderson , N. Angelides , H. M. Araújo , J. E. Armstrong , M. Arthurs , A. Baker , S. Balashov , J. Bang , J. W. Bargemann , E. E. Barillier , D. Bauer , K. Beattie , T. Benson , A. Bhatti , A. Biekert , T. P. Biesiadzinski , H. J. Birch , E. Bishop , G. M. Blockinger , B. Boxer , C. A. J. Brew , P. Brás , S. Burdin , M. Buuck , M. C. Carmona-Benitez , M. Carter , A. Chawla , H. Chen , J. J. Cherwinka , Y. T. Chin , N. I. Chott , M. V. Converse , R. Coronel , A. Cottle , G. Cox , D. Curran , C. E. Dahl , I. Darlington , S. Dave , A. David , J. Delgaudio , S. Dey , L. de Viveiros , L. Di Felice , C. Ding , J. E. Y. Dobson , E. Druszkiewicz , S. Dubey , S. R. Eriksen , A. Fan , S. Fayer , N. M. Fearon , N. Fieldhouse , S. Fiorucci , H. Flaecher , E. D. Fraser , T. M. A. Fruth , R. J. Gaitskell , A. Geffre , J. Genovesi , C. Ghag , A. Ghosh , R. Gibbons , S. Gokhale , J. Green , M. G. D. van der Grinten , J. J. Haiston , C. R. Hall , T. J. Hall , S. Han , E. Hartigan-O'Connor , S. J. Haselschwardt , M. A. Hernandez , S. A. Hertel , G. Heuermann , G. J. Homenides , M. Horn , D. Q. Huang , D. Hunt , E. Jacquet , R. S. James , J. Johnson , A. C. Kaboth , A. C. Kamaha , Meghna K. K. , D. Khaitan , A. Khazov , I. Khurana , J. Kim , Y. D. Kim , J. Kingston , R. Kirk , D. Kodroff , L. Korley , E. V. Korolkova , H. Kraus , S. Kravitz , L. Kreczko , V. A. Kudryavtsev , C. Lawes , D. S. Leonard , K. T. Lesko , C. Levy , J. Lin , A. Lindote , W. H. Lippincott , M. I. Lopes , W. Lorenzon , C. Lu , S. Luitz , P. A. Majewski , A. Manalaysay , R. L. Mannino , C. Maupin , M. E. McCarthy , G. McDowell , D. N. McKinsey , J. McLaughlin , J. B. McLaughlin , R. McMonigle , E. Mizrachi , A. Monte , M. E. Monzani , J. D. Morales Mendoza , E. Morrison , B. J. Mount , M. Murdy , A. St. J. Murphy , A. Naylor , H. N. Nelson , F. Neves , A. Nguyen , C. L. O'Brien , I. Olcina , K. C. Oliver-Mallory , J. Orpwood , K. Y Oyulmaz , K. J. Palladino , J. Palmer , N. J. Pannifer , N. Parveen , S. J. Patton , B. Penning , G. Pereira , E. Perry , T. Pershing , A. Piepke , Y. Qie , J. Reichenbacher , C. A. Rhyne , A. Richards , Q. Riffard , G. R. C. Rischbieter , E. Ritchey , H. S. Riyat , R. Rosero , T. Rushton , D. Rynders , D. Santone , A. B. M. R. Sazzad , R. W. Schnee , G. Sehr , B. Shafer , S. Shaw , T. Shutt , J. J. Silk , C. Silva , G. Sinev , J. Siniscalco , R. Smith , V. N. Solovov , P. Sorensen , J. Soria , I. Stancu , A. Stevens , K. Stifter , B. Suerfu , T. J. Sumner , M. Szydagis , D. R. Tiedt , M. Timalsina , Z. Tong , D. R. Tovey , J. Tranter , M. Trask , M. Tripathi , A. Usón , A. Vacheret , A. C. Vaitkus , O. Valentino , V. Velan , A. Wang , J. J. Wang , Y. Wang , J. R. Watson , L. Weeldreyer , T. J. Whitis , K. Wild , M. Williams , W. J. Wisniewski , L. Wolf , F. L. H. Wolfs , S. Woodford , D. Woodward , C. J. Wright , Q. Xia , J. Xu , Y. Xu , M. Yeh , D. Yeum , W. Zha , E. A. Zweig

We consider nuclear gamma decays and $\gamma$-emitting reactions that can be an efficient source of hypothetical millicharged particles ($\chi$). In particular, we revisit the production of millicharged particles in nuclear reactor…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-18 Ting Gao , Maxim Pospelov

Dark sector particles with small electric charge, or millicharge, (mCPs) may lead to a variety of diverse phenomena in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Assuming their possible existence, we investigate the accumulation and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-06-30 Maxim Pospelov , Harikrishnan Ramani

We demonstrate that the searches for dark sector particles can provide probes of reheating scenarios, focusing on the cosmic millicharge background produced in the early universe. We discuss two types of millicharge particles (mCPs): either…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-22 Xucheng Gan , Yu-Dai Tsai

We propose a novel idea to discover millicharged particles (mCPs) captured by the earth during its existence. It has been demonstrated that the mCPs accumulation inside the earth leads to the enhancement of its number density much larger…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-06 Chrisna Setyo Nugroho

It is postulated that heavy dark matter $\phi$ with a mass on the order of TeV, once captured by the Earth, can decay into relativistic milli-charged particles (MCPs). These MCPs are potentially detectable at the IceCube neutrino telescope.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-01 Ye Xu

We calculate the production of hypothetical millicharged particles (MCPs) of sub-GeV masses by the J-PARC proton beam in the framework of T2K and future T2HK neutrino oscillation experiments. Concentrating on the region of model parameter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-01 Dmitry Gorbunov , Igor Krasnov , Yury Kudenko , Sergey Suvorov

We conduct a dedicated study of searches for millicharged particles (mCPs) utilizing scintillator-based detectors at high-intensity fixed-target experiments, with particular focus on the SpinQuest and forthcoming Search for Hidden Particles…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-15 Leo Bailloeul , Matthew Citron , Yanou Cui , Saeid Foroughi-Abari , Insung Hwang , Fengyi Li , Yu-Dai Tsai , Ming Xiong Liu , Kranti Gunthoti , Jae Hyeok Yoo

Relativistic millicharged particles ($\chi_q$) have been proposed in various extensions to the Standard Model of particle physics. We consider the scenarios where they are produced at nuclear reactor core and via interactions of cosmic-rays…

Light millicharged particles can be copiously produced from meson decays in cosmic ray collisions with the atmosphere, leading to detectable signals in large underground neutrino detectors. In this paper we study a new channel for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-24 Mingxuan Du , Rundong Fang , Zuowei Liu

It is assumed that heavy dark matter $\phi$ with O(TeV) mass captured by the Earth may decay to relativistic light milli-charged particles (MCPs). These MCPs could be measured by the IceCube neutrino telescope. The massless hidden photon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-02 Ye Xu

Millicharged particles are generic in theories of dark sectors. A cosmic or local abundance of them may be produced by the early universe, stellar environments, or the decay or annihilation of dark matter/dark energy. Furthermore, if such…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-06 Asher Berlin , Surjeet Rajendran , Harikrishnan Ramani , Erwin H. Tanin

Astrophysical neutrinos are expected to be produced in the interactions of ultra-high energy cosmic-rays with surrounding photons. The fluxes of the astrophysical neutrinos are highly dependent on the characteristics of the cosmic-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Shigeru Yoshida , Aya Ishihara

We set constraints and future sensitivity projections on millicharged particles (MCPs) based on electron scattering data in numerous neutrino experiments, starting with MiniBooNE and the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND). Both…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-12-12 Gabriel Magill , Ryan Plestid , Maxim Pospelov , Yu-Dai Tsai

Stellar energy loss is a sensitive probe of light, weakly coupled dark sectors, including ones containing millicharged particles (MCPs). The emission of MCPs can affect stellar evolution, and therefore can alter the observed properties of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-14 Audrey Fung , Saniya Heeba , Qinrui Liu , Varun Muralidharan , Katelin Schutz , Aaron C. Vincent

If dark matter particles have an electric charge, as in models of millicharged dark matter, such particles should be accelerated in the same astrophysical accelerators that produce ordinary cosmic rays, and their spectra should have a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-03-02 Ping-Kai Hu , Alexander Kusenko , Volodymyr Takhistov

Hypothetical particles with tiny electric charges (millicharged particles or MCPs) can be produced in electron-positron annihilation if kinematically allowed. Typical searches for them at $e^+e^-$ colliders exploit a signature of a single…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-09 Dmitry Gorbunov , Dmitry Kalashnikov , Pavel Pakhlov , Timofey Uglov
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