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In this paper, we establish universal approximation theorems for neural networks applied to general nonlinear ill-posed operator equations. In addition to the approximation error, the measurement error is also taken into account in our…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lan Wang , Qiao Zhu , Bangti Jin , Ye Zhang

We present a framework for solving a broad class of ill-posed inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), where the target coefficients of the forward operator are recovered through an iterative regularization scheme…

In this paper, we present a novel nonlinear programming-based approach to fine-tune pre-trained neural networks to improve robustness against adversarial attacks while maintaining high accuracy on clean data. Our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Shudian Zhao , Jan Kronqvist

This paper introduces a new approach for solving electrical impedance tomography (EIT) problems using deep neural networks. The mathematical problem of EIT is to invert the electrical conductivity from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) map.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Yuwei Fan , Lexing Ying

We propose ARDO method for solving PDEs and PDE-related problems with deep learning techniques. This method uses a weak adversarial formulation but transfers the random difference operator onto the test function. The main advantage of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Wei Cai , Andrew Qing He

In this paper, we introduce a novel, data-driven approach for solving high-dimensional Bayesian inverse problems based on partial differential equations (PDEs), called Weak Neural Variational Inference (WNVI). The method complements real…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-31 Vincent C. Scholz , Yaohua Zang , Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis

To quantify uncertainties in inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs), we formulate them into statistical inference problems using Bayes' formula. Recently, well-justified infinite-dimensional Bayesian analysis methods have…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Junxiong Jia , Yanni Wu , Peijun Li , Deyu Meng

In this paper we consider the solution of monotone inverse problems using the particular example of a parameter identification problem for a semilinear parabolic PDE. For the regularized solution of this problem, we introduce a total…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Pankaj Gautam , Markus Grasmair

In this work, we propose and analyse a weak Galerkin method for the electrical impedance tomography based on a bounded variation regularization. We use the complete electrode model as the forward system that is approximated by a weak…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Ying Liang , Jun Zou

In this paper, we focus on solving a class of constrained non-convex non-concave saddle point problems in a decentralized manner by a group of nodes in a network. Specifically, we assume that each node has access to a summand of a global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-01 Weijie Liu , Aryan Mokhtari , Asuman Ozdaglar , Sarath Pattathil , Zebang Shen , Nenggan Zheng

Solving inverse and optimization problems over solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) on complex spatial domains is a long-standing challenge. Here we introduce a method that parameterizes the solution using spectral…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-30 James V. Roggeveen , Michael P. Brenner

Machine learning methods are commonly used to solve inverse problems, wherein an unknown signal must be estimated from few indirect measurements generated via a known acquisition procedure. In particular, neural networks perform well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hannah Laus , Suzanna Parkinson , Vasileios Charisopoulos , Felix Krahmer , Rebecca Willett

This paper aims to develop and analyze a numerical scheme for solving the backward problem of semilinear subdiffusion equations. We establish the existence, uniqueness, and conditional stability of the solution to the inverse problem by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-07 Xu Wu , Jiang Yang , Zhi Zhou

A novel artificial neural network method is proposed for solving Cauchy inverse problems. It allows multiple hidden layers with arbitrary width and depth, which theoretically yields better approximations to the inverse problems. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Yixin Li , Xianliang Hu

This paper develops a probabilistic numerical method for solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) and studies application of that method to PDE-constrained inverse problems. This approach enables the solution of challenging inverse…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-12 Jon Cockayne , Chris Oates , Tim Sullivan , Mark Girolami

The affine rank minimization problem consists of finding a matrix of minimum rank that satisfies a given system of linear equality constraints. Such problems have appeared in the literature of a diverse set of fields including system…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-08-09 Benjamin Recht , Maryam Fazel , Pablo A. Parrilo

In the present work, firstly, we use a minimax equality to prove the existence of a solution of certain system of varitional equations and we provide a numerical approximation of such a solution. Then, we propose a numerical method to solve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-19 Ana Isabel Garralda-Guillem , Pablo Montiel López

Selecting the best regularization parameter in inverse problems is a classical and yet challenging problem. Recently, data-driven approaches have become popular to tackle this challenge. These approaches are appealing since they do require…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Jonathan Chirinos Rodriguez , Ernesto De Vito , Cesare Molinari , Lorenzo Rosasco , Silvia Villa

While deep learning has achieved remarkable success in solving partial differential equations (PDEs), it still faces significant challenges, particularly when the PDE solutions have low regularity or singularities. To address these issues,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Zhihang Xu , Min Wang , Zhu Wang

We investigate a structured class of nonconvex-nonconcave min-max problems exhibiting so-called \emph{weak Minty} solutions, a notion which was only recently introduced, but is able to simultaneously capture different generalizations of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Axel Böhm