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Non-Hermitian band theory distinguishes between line gaps and point gaps. While point gaps can give rise to intrinsic non-Hermitian band topology without Hermitian counterparts, line-gapped systems can always be adiabatically deformed to a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-03 Frank Schindler , Kaiyuan Gu , Biao Lian , Kohei Kawabata

We prove that quantum many-body systems on a one-dimensional lattice locally relax to Gaussian states under non-equilibrium dynamics generated by a bosonic quadratic Hamiltonian. This is true for a large class of initial states - pure or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 M. Cramer , J. Eisert

Non-Hermitian physics exhibits unique physical properties beyond those of traditional Hermitian systems, such as symmetry breaking, the emergence of exceptional points, topological phase transitions, and more. These phenomena have been…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-02-10 Ya-Jun Wang , Jun Zhang , Dong-Sheng Ding

We demonstrate the occurrence of nodal non-Hermitian (NH) phases featuring exceptional degeneracies in chiral-symmetric disordered quantum wires, where NH physics naturally arises from the self-energy in a disorder-averaged Green's function…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-07-14 Benjamin Michen , Tommaso Micallo , Jan Carl Budich

We address the question of identifying degrees of freedom for quantum systems. Typically, quasi-particle descriptions of correlated matter are based upon the canonical algebras of bosons or fermions. Here we highlight that a special class…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-01-07 Eoin Quinn

In spatially periodic Hermitian systems, such as electronic systems in crystals, the band structure is described by the band theory in terms of the Bloch wave functions, which reproduce energy levels for large systems with open boundaries.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Kazuki Yokomizo , Shuichi Murakami

The aim of the paper is to study the question whether or not equilibrium states exist in open quantum systems that are embedded in at least two environments and are described by a non-Hermitian Hamilton operator $\cal H$. The eigenfunctions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 Ingrid Rotter

Quantum physics can be extended into the complex domain by considering non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that are $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric. These exhibit exceptional points (EPs) where the eigenspectrum changes from purely real to purely imaginary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jia-Jia Wang , Yu-Hong He , Chang-Geng Liao , Rong-Xin Chen , Jacob A. Dunningham

Synthetic nonconservative systems with parity-time (PT) symmetric gain-loss structures can exhibit unusual spontaneous symmetry breaking that accompanies spectral singularity. Recent studies on PT symmetry in optics and weakly interacting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-12 Yuto Ashida , Shunsuke Furukawa , Masahito Ueda

We study ``frustrated'' hopping models, in which at least one energy band, at the maximum or minimum of the spectrum, is dispersionless. The states of the flat band(s) can be represented in a basis which is fully localized, having support…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-10-20 Doron L. Bergman , Congjun Wu , Leon Balents

We consider conditions for the existence of boundary modes in non-Hermitian systems with edges of arbitrary co-dimension. Through a universal formulation of formation criteria for boundary modes in terms of local Green functions, we outline…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Dan S. Borgnia , Alex Jura Kruchkov , Robert-Jan Slager

Non-Hermitian topological insulators have attracted considerable attention due to their distinctive energy band characteristics and promising applications. Here, we systematically investigate non-Hermitian M\"obius insulators and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Wenjie Zhang , Yuting Yang , Xiaopeng Shen , Liwei Shi , Zhi Hong Hang

Quantum entanglement can be an effective diagnostic tool for probing topological phases protected by global symmetries. Recently, the notion of nontrivial topology in critical systems has been proposed and is attracting growing attention.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-08-19 Wen-Hao Zhong , Hai-Qing Lin , Xue-Jia Yu

We describe recent progress in our understanding of the interplay between interactions, symmetry, and topology in states of quantum matter. We focus on a minimal generalization of the celebrated topological band insulators to interacting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-08-05 T. Senthil

Bulk-edge correspondence, with quantized bulk topology leading to protected edge states, is a hallmark of topological states of matter and has been experimentally observed in electronic, atomic, photonic, and many other systems. While…

In a topological semimetal with Dirac or Weyl points, the bulk edge correspondence principle predicts a gapless edge mode if the essential symmetry is still preserved at the surface. The detection of such topological surface state has been…

A number of recent articles have reported the existence of topologically non-trivial states and associated end states in one-dimensional incommensurate lattice models that would usually only be expected in higher dimensions. Using an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-09-12 Kevin A. Madsen , Emil J. Bergholtz , Piet W. Brouwer

We study Hamiltonian systems with point interactions and give a systematic description of the corresponding boundary conditions and the spectrum properties for self-adjoint, PT-symmetric systems and systems with real spectra. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Shao-Ming Fei

Since the realization of quantum systems described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with parity-time (PT) symmetry, interest in non-Hermitian, quantum many-body models has steadily grown. Most studies to-date map to traditional quantum spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-07 Jacob Muldoon , Yogesh N. Joglekar

Theories in physics can provide a kind of map of the physical system under investigation, showing all of the possible types of behavior which may occur. Certain points on the map are of greater significance than others, because they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 C. A. Downing , O. I. R. Fox