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In the last decade, machine learning based compilation has moved from an an obscure research niche to a mainstream activity. In this article, we describe the relationship between machine learning and compiler optimisation and introduce the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Zheng Wang , Michael O'Boyle

In the era of diminishing returns from Moores Law, heterogeneous computing systems have emerged as a vital approach to enhance computational efficiency. This paper introduces a novel MLIR-based dialect, named hyper, designed to optimize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhiyuan Tan , Liutong Han , Mingjie Xing , Yanjun Wu

GCC and LLVM underpin much of modern software infrastructure, relying on distinct Intermediate Representations (IRs) to drive optimizations and code generation. However, the semantic and structural differences between these IRs create…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Andrea Valenzuela Ramirez , Cristian Gutierrez-Gomez , Marta Barroso , Dario Garcia-Gasulla , Sara Royuela

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a portable bytecode format that serves as a compilation target for high-level languages, enabling their secure and efficient execution across diverse platforms, including web browsers and embedded systems. To improve…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Byeongjee Kang , Harsh Desai , Limin Jia , Brandon Lucia

When the MLIR project was first introduced, it promised to address the issues that the HLS community had with the LLVM project. But is this really the case, and is MLIR the "right"/"best" compiler infrastructure for HLS? We here share our…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jiahui Xu , Emmet Murphy , Lana Josipovic

Deep neural network models are becoming increasingly popular and have been used in various tasks such as computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing. Machine learning models are commonly trained in a resource-rich…

Traditional compilers operate on a single generic intermediate representation (IR). These IRs are usually low-level and close to machine instructions. As a result, optimizations relying on domain-specific information are either not possible…

Compilers transform code into action. They convert high-level programs into executable hardware instructions - a crucial step in enabling reliable and scalable quantum computation. However, quantum compilation is still in its infancy, and…

Design space exploration for future distributed Machine Learning systems suffers from a lack of readily available workload representation that enables flexible exploration across the stack. We present Flint, a framework that bridges this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jinsun Yoo , Meghan Cowan , Zheng Du , Changhai Man , Srinivas Sridharan , Tushar Krishna

A typical compiler flow relies on a uni-directional sequence of translation/optimization steps that lower the program abstract representation, making it hard to preserve higher-level program information across each transformation step. On…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Vinicius Couto , Luciano Zago , Hervé Yviquel , Guido Araújo

MLIR is an emerging compiler infrastructure for modern hardware, but existing programs cannot take advantage of MLIR's high-performance compilation if they are described in lower-level general purpose languages. Consequently, to avoid…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Alexander Brauckmann , Elizabeth Polgreen , Tobias Grosser , Michael F. P. O'Boyle

We present a multi-level quantum-classical intermediate representation (IR) that enables an optimizing, retargetable, ahead-of-time compiler for available quantum programming languages. To demonstrate our architecture, we leverage our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-02 Thien Nguyen , Alexander McCaskey

Sparse tensors arise in problems in science, engineering, machine learning, and data analytics. Programs that operate on such tensors can exploit sparsity to reduce storage requirements and computational time. Developing and maintaining…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Aart J. C. Bik , Penporn Koanantakool , Tatiana Shpeisman , Nicolas Vasilache , Bixia Zheng , Fredrik Kjolstad

Existing iterative compilation and machine-learning-based optimization techniques have been proven very successful in achieving better optimizations than the standard optimization levels of a compiler. However, they were not engineered to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Kyriakos Georgiou , Zbigniew Chamski , Andres Amaya Garcia , David May , Kerstin Eder

This paper presents a meta-compilation framework, the MCompiler. The main idea is that different segments of a program can be compiled with different compilers/optimizers and combined into a single executable. The MCompiler can be used in a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Aniket Shivam , Alexandru Nicolau , Alexander V. Veidenbaum

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize how we design and implement compilers and code translation tools. However, existing LLMs struggle to handle long and complex programs. We introduce LEGO-Compiler, a novel…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Shuoming Zhang , Jiacheng Zhao , Chunwei Xia , Zheng Wang , Yunji Chen , Xiaobing Feng , Huimin Cui

Classical machine learning (CML) occupies nearly half of machine learning pipelines in production applications. Unfortunately, it fails to utilize the state-of-the-practice devices fully and performs poorly. Without a unified framework, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Xu Wen , Wanling Gao , Anzheng Li , Lei Wang , Zihan Jiang , Jianfeng Zhan

MLI is an Application Programming Interface designed to address the challenges of building Machine Learn- ing algorithms in a distributed setting based on data-centric computing. Its primary goal is to simplify the development of…

A compiler processes the code written in a high level language and produces machine executable code. The compiler writers often face the challenge of keeping the compilation times reasonable. That is because aggressive optimization passes…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Sanket Tavarageri

Compilers for general-purpose languages have been shown to be at a disadvantage when it comes to specialized application domains as opposed to their Domain-Specific Language (DSL) counterparts. However, the field of DSL compilers features…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Karl F. A. Friebel , Jascha A. Ohlmann , Jeronimo Castrillon