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We consider Brans-Dicke (BD) scalar tensor theory in the conformally transformed Einstein frame. In this frame BD theory behaves like an interacting quintessence model. We find the necessary conditions on the form of the potential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Mahmood Roshan , Fatimah Shojai

We study optimization problems in which a linear functional is maximized over probability measures that are dominated by a given measure according to an integral stochastic order in an arbitrary dimension. We show that the following four…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-13 Frank Yang , Kai Hao Yang

We define a hierarchy of circuit complexity classes LD^i, whose depth are the inverse of a function in Ackermann hierarchy. Then we introduce extremely weak versions of length induction and construct a bounded arithmetic theory L^i_2 whose…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Satoru Kuroda

L\'evy's Upward Theorem says that the conditional expectation of an integrable random variable converges with probability one to its true value with increasing information. In this paper, we use methods from effective probability theory to…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Simon M. Huttegger , Sean Walsh , Francesca Zaffora Blando

When a $4D$ supersymmetric theory is placed on $S^3 \times \mathbb{R}$, the supersymmetric algebra is necessarily modified to $su(2|1)$ and we are dealing with a weak supersymmetric system. For such systems, the excited states of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-14 Andrei Smilga

This paper is concerned about the inverse coefficient problems of variable-coefficient fractional Schr\"{o}dinger equations with drift on connected closed Riemannian manifolds. We prove that the knowledge of the underlying equation of order…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Tianyu Cai , Xi Chen

The Theorem on Invariance of Domain due to L.E.J. Brouwer states that one connected, compact (Hausdorff) m-dimensional manifold embedded into another actually realizes a homeomorphism. This fundamental result is relevant to Functional…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Jon A. Sjogren

We analyze Ekeland's variational principle in the context of reverse mathematics. We find that that the full variational principle is equivalent to $\Pi^1_1$-${\sf CA}_0$, a strong theory of second-order arithmetic, while natural…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-09-16 David Fernández-Duque , Paul Shafer , Keita Yokoyama

For a Gaussian process $X$ and smooth function $f$, we consider a Stratonovich integral of $f(X)$, defined as the weak limit, if it exists, of a sequence of Riemann sums. We give covariance conditions on $X$ such that the sequence converges…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-08-10 Daniel Harnett , David Nualart

We examine the structure of the insertion-elimination Lie algebra on rooted trees introduced in \cite{CK}. It possesses a triangular structure $\g = \n_+ \oplus \mathbb{C}.d \oplus \n_-$, like the Heisenberg, Virasoro, and affine algebras.…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Matthew Szczesny

The formulation of the non-linear sigma model in terms of flat connection allows the construction of a perturbative solution of a local functional equation encoding the underlying gauge symmetry. In this paper we discuss some properties of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Ruggero Ferrari , Andrea Quadri

We prove quantitative bounds for the inverse theorem for Gowers uniformity norms $\mathsf{U}^5$ and $\mathsf{U}^6$ in $\mathbb{F}_2^n$. The proof starts from an earlier partial result of Gowers and the author which reduces the inverse…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Luka Milićević

We consider the inverse problem of the reconstruction of a Schr\"odinger operator on a unknown Riemannian manifold or a domain of Euclidean space. The data used is a part of the boundary $\Gamma$ and the eigenvalues corresponding to a set…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2009-11-10 Yaroslav Kurylev , Matti Lassas , Ricardo Weder

In this work, we revisit the study by M. E. Schonbek [11] concerning the problem of existence of global entropic weak solutions for the classical Boussinesq system, as well as the study of the regularity of these solutions by C. J. Amick…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Luc Molinet , Raafat Talhouk , Ibtissam Zaiter

Inverse design of morphing slender structures with programmable curvature has significant applications in various engineering fields. Most existing studies formulate it as an optimization problem, which requires repeatedly solving the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-28 JiaHao Li , Weicheng Huang , YinBo Zhu , Luxia Yu , Xiaohao Sun , Mingchao Liu , HengAn Wu

Using the technique of inductive resolution introduced in arXiv:2303.07979, we prove that the homology of Rook-Brauer Algebra, interpreted as appropriate Tor-group, is isomorphic to that of symmetric group for all degrees under the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Khoa Ta

We show that over the weak base theory $\mathrm{RCA}_0^*$, cohesive Ramsey's theorem for pairs $\mathrm{CRT}^2_2$ implies exponential closure of the definable cut $\mathrm{I}^0_1$, which is the intersection of all $\Sigma^0_1$-definable…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Leszek Aleksander Kołodziejczyk , Mengzhou Sun

Weyl theory for a non-classical system depending rationally on the spectral parameter is treated. Borg-Marchenko-type uniqueness theorem is proved. The solution of the inverse problem is constructed. An application to sine-Gordon equation…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-01-30 Alexander Sakhnovich

More than a century ago, L. E. J. Brouwer proved a famous theorem, which says that any orientation preserving homeomorphism of the plane having a periodic point must have a fixed point. In recent years, there are still some authors giving…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-17 Jiehua Mai , Kesong Yan , Fanping Zeng

We construct some irreducible representations of the Leavitt path algebra of an arbitrary quiver. The constructed representations are associated to certain algebraic branching systems. For a row-finite quiver, we classify algebraic…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-10 Xiao-Wu Chen