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Recent studies found that atmospheric superrotation (i.e., west-to-east winds over the equator) on tidally locked planets can modify the phase of planetary waves. But, a clear relationship between the superrotation and the magnitude of the…
Atmospheric wind speeds and their fluctuations at different locations (onshore and offshore) are examined. One of the most striking features is the marked intermittency of probability density functions (PDF) of velocity differences -- no…
The study is motivated by recent findings of the decrease in the momentum transfer from strong winds to sea. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) of a three-fluid system of air, foam and water is examined within the range of…
One the major factors determining the development and evolution of atmospheric convection is the sea surface temperature and its variability. Results of this thesis show that state of atmospheric convection impacts the diurnal distribution…
Comparisons studies between simulated variable density turbulent flows often consist of direct graphical representations where the level of agreement is determined by eye. This work demonstrates a formal validation methodology using an…
We generate explicit height-dependent eddy viscosity coefficients in the Ekman layer from convex wind speed profiles. The solutions we obtain are parameterized in terms of the relative deflection angle between the wind directions at the top…
The mechanism that causes an interdecadal oscillation in a coarse resolution sector ocean model forced by mixed boundary conditions is studied. The oscillation is characterized by large fluctuations in convective activity and air/sea heat…
We use the Global Historical Climatology Network--daily database to calculate trends in sea-level atmospheric pressures, their variance and the variance of their day-to-day differences in nine regions of the world. Changes in pressure…
A radiative-dynamic positive feedback mechanism (Wind Enhanced Interaction of Radiation and Dust: WEIRD) for localized Mars dust disturbances was previously found to operate in highly idealized numerical experiments. Numerical simulations…
Like elsewhere in the deep-sea, life in the deep Mediterranean depends on turbulent exchange across the stable vertical density stratification for supply of nutrients and oxygen. Commonly modelled, turbulent exchange is inversely…
Observational studies indicate that there is a close association between geomagnetic storm and meteorological parameters. Geomagnetic field lines follow closely the isobars of surface pressure . A Physical mechanism linking upper…
The northeastern coast of the U.S. is projected to expand its offshore wind capacity from the existing 30 MW to over 22 GW in the next decade. Yet, only a few wind measurements are available in the region and none at hub height, thus…
The transport coefficients of a dilute classical gas in the presence of a drag force proportional to the velocity of the particle are determined from the Boltzmann equation. The viscous drag force could model the friction of solid particles…
The pressure and energy density of the gas and magnetic field inside solar coronal mass ejections (in relation to that in the ambient solar wind) is thought to play an important role in determining their dynamics as they propagate through…
Hurricane track forecasting remains a significant challenge due to the complex interactions between the atmosphere, land, and ocean. Although AI-based numerical weather prediction models, such as Google Graphcast operation, have…
We present a study of hydrodynamic drag forces in smoothed particle simulations. In particular, the deceleration of a resolution-limited cold clump of gas moving through a hot medium is examined. It is found that the drag for subsonic…
Wind turbines operate in the atmospheric boundary layer, where they are exposed to the turbulent atmospheric flows. As the response time of wind turbine is typically in the range of seconds, they are affected by the small scale intermittent…
A theoretical model is proposed to explain the roughness characteristics of an ice surface grown from a gravity and wind-driven supercooled water film flowing over an inclined plane. The effects of the water supply rate, plane slope and air…
Energy flux is an acoustic propagation model that calculates the locally-averaged intensity without computing explicit eigenvalues or tracing rays. The energy flux method has so far only been used for two-dimensional problems that have…
The objective of this paper is to employ machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques to obtain from input data (storm features) available in or derived from the HURDAT2 database models capable of simulating important hurricane…