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Physics-informed deep learning often faces optimization challenges due to the complexity of solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which involve exploring large solution spaces, require numerous iterations, and can lead to unstable…

Neural networks can be trained to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by using the PDE residual as the loss function. This strategy is called "physics-informed neural networks" (PINNs), but it currently cannot produce high-accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Qi Zeng , Yash Kothari , Spencer H. Bryngelson , Florian Schäfer

More competent learning models are demanded for data processing due to increasingly greater amounts of data available in applications. Data that we encounter often have certain embedded sparsity structures. That is, if they are represented…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-28 Yuesheng Xu , Taishan Zeng

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [31] use automatic differentiation to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by penalizing the PDE in the loss function at a random set of points in the domain of interest. Here, we develop a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-03 E. Kharazmi , Z. Zhang , G. E. Karniadakis

A significant advancement in Neural Network (NN) research is the integration of domain-specific knowledge through custom loss functions. This approach addresses a crucial challenge: how can models utilize physics or mathematical principles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Seyedeh Azadeh Fallah Mortezanejad , Ruochen Wang , Ali Mohammad-Djafari

Deep learning has been shown to be an effective tool in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs embed the PDE residual into the loss function of the neural network, and have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jeremy Yu , Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently become a popular method for solving forward and inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). By incorporating the residual of the PDE into the loss function of a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Saviz Mowlavi , Saleh Nabi

Optimal control of parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) is crucial in many applications in engineering and science. In recent years, the progress in scientific machine learning has opened up new frontiers for the control of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nicolò Botteghi , Urban Fasel

The utilization of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in physical science and engineering applications has gained traction due to their capacity to learn intricate functions. While large datasets are crucial for training DNN models in fields like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Vamsi Sai Krishna Malineni , Suresh Rajendran

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

Traditional data-driven deep learning models often struggle with high training costs, error accumulation, and poor generalizability in complex physical processes. Physics-informed deep learning (PiDL) addresses these challenges by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xin-Yang Liu , Min Zhu , Lu Lu , Hao Sun , Jian-Xun Wang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as an alternative way of solving partial differential equations (PDEs) without the need of building elaborate grids, instead, using a straightforward implementation. In…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Dongkun Zhang , Lu Lu , Ling Guo , George Em Karniadakis

Partial Differential Equations (PDE) are fundamental to model different phenomena in science and engineering mathematically. Solving them is a crucial step towards a precise knowledge of the behaviour of natural and engineered systems. In…

Learning the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) with a neural network is an attractive alternative to traditional solvers due to its elegance, greater flexibility and the ease of incorporating observed data. However, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Katsiaryna Haitsiukevich , Alexander Ilin

Learned graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently been established as fast and accurate alternatives for principled solvers in simulating the dynamics of physical systems. In many application domains across science and engineering,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Qingqing Zhao , David B. Lindell , Gordon Wetzstein

Neural differential equations offer a powerful approach for learning dynamics from data. However, they do not impose known constraints that should be obeyed by the learned model. It is well-known that enforcing constraints in surrogate…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as key enablers of machine learning. Applying larger DNNs to more diverse applications is an important challenge. The computations performed during DNN training and inference are dominated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Jeremy Kepner , Vijay Gadepally , Hayden Jananthan , Lauren Milechin , Sid Samsi

We revisit the original approach of using deep learning and neural networks to solve differential equations by incorporating the knowledge of the equation. This is done by adding a dedicated term to the loss function during the optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Hubert Baty , Leo Baty

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) recast PDE solving as an optimisation problem in function space by minimising a residual-based objective, yet many applications require additional derivative-based relations that are just as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Kentaro Hoshisashi , Carolyn E Phelan , Paolo Barucca

We propose a neural network-based meta-learning method to efficiently solve partial differential equation (PDE) problems. The proposed method is designed to meta-learn how to solve a wide variety of PDE problems, and uses the knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-23 Tomoharu Iwata , Yusuke Tanaka , Naonori Ueda