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To ensure the usefulness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in real systems, it is crucial to ensure they are robust to noise and adversarial attacks. In adversarial RL, an external attacker has the power to manipulate the victim agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jeremy McMahan , Young Wu , Xiaojin Zhu , Qiaomin Xie

Infrastructure systems are increasingly facing new security threats due to the vulnerabilities of cyber-physical components that support their operation. In this article, we investigate how the infrastructure operator (defender) should…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Manxi Wu , Saurabh Amin

Security is one of the most relevant concerns in cloud computing. With the evolution of cyber-security threats, developing innovative techniques to thwart attacks is of utmost importance. One recent method to improve cloud computing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Matheus Torquato , Marco Vieira

We consider the problem of efficient patrolling strategy adaptation in a changing environment where the topology of Defender's moves and the importance of guarded targets change unpredictably. The Defender must instantly switch to a new…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Tomáš Brázdil , David Klaška , Antonín Kučera , Vít Musil , Petr Novotný , Vojtěch Řehák

Moving target defense (MTD) in power grids is an emerging defense technique that has gained prominence in the recent past. It aims to solve the long-standing problem of securing the power grid against stealthy attacks. The key idea behind…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-30 Subhash Lakshminarayana , Yexiang Chen , Charalambos Konstantinou , Daisuke Mashima , Anurag K. Srivastava

This paper investigates backdoor attack planning in stochastic control systems modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). A backdoor attack involves an adversary deploying a policy that performs well in the original MDP to pass testing,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-27 Xinyi Wei , Shuo Han , Ahmed H. Hemida , Charles A. Kamhoua , Jie Fu

Vehicle-to-vehicle communication enables autonomous platoons to boost traffic efficiency and safety, while ensuring string stability with a constant spacing policy. However, communication-based controllers are susceptible to a range of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Guoxin Sun , Tansu Alpcan , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , Seyit Camtepe

We consider a variant of pursuit-evasion games where a single defender is tasked to defend a static target from a sequence of periodically arriving intruders. The intruders' objective is to breach the boundary of a circular target without…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Arman Pourghorban , Dipankar Maity

We consider a variant of the target defense problem in a planar conical environment where a single defender is tasked to capture a sequence of incoming attackers. The attackers' objective is to breach the target boundary without being…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Arman Pourghorban , Dipankar Maity

Recent research efforts indicate that federated learning (FL) systems are vulnerable to a variety of security breaches. While numerous defense strategies have been suggested, they are mainly designed to counter specific attack patterns and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Henger Li , Tianyi Xu , Tao Li , Yunian Pan , Quanyan Zhu , Zizhan Zheng

This paper considers the problem of security allocation in a networked control system under stealthy attacks. The system is comprised of interconnected subsystems represented by vertices. A malicious adversary selects a single vertex on…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-03 Anh Tung Nguyen , André M. H. Teixeira , Alexander Medvedev

We develop investment approaches to secure electric power systems against load attacks where a malicious intruder (the attacker) covertly changes reactive power setpoints of loads to push the grid towards voltage instability while the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Lu An , Pratishtha Shukla , Aranya Chakrabortty , Alexandra Duel-Hallen

Multi-defender Stackelberg Security Games (MSSG) have recently gained increasing attention in the literature. However, the solutions offered to date are highly sensitive, wherein even small perturbations in the attacker's utility or slight…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Dolev Mutzari , Yonatan Aumann , Sarit Kraus

Present attack methods can make state-of-the-art classification systems based on deep neural networks misclassify every adversarially modified test example. The design of general defense strategies against a wide range of such attacks still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Sailik Sengupta , Tathagata Chakraborti , Subbarao Kambhampati

Adversarial Patrolling games form a subclass of Security games where a Defender moves between locations, guarding vulnerable targets. The main algorithmic problem is constructing a strategy for the Defender that minimizes the worst damage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Vojtěch Kůr , Vít Musil , Vojtěch Řehák

The threats posed by evolving cyberattacks have led to increased research related to software systems that can self-protect. One topic in this domain is Moving Target Defense (MTD), which changes software characteristics in the protected…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Ryan Liu , Ladan Tahvildari

Similar to a strategic interaction between rational and intelligent agents, cryptography problems can be examined through the prism of game theory. In this setting, the agent aiming to protect a message is called the defender, while the one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Willie Kouam , Stefan Rass , Zahra Seyedi , Shahzad Ahmad , Eckhard Pfluegel

Most models of Stackelberg security games assume that the attacker only knows the defender's mixed strategy, but is not able to observe (even partially) the instantiated pure strategy. Such partial observation of the deployed pure strategy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Haifeng Xu , Albert X. Jiang , Arunesh Sinha , Zinovi Rabinovich , Shaddin Dughmi , Milind Tambe

Protecting against multi-step attacks of uncertain duration and timing forces defenders into an indefinite, always ongoing, resource-intensive response. To effectively allocate resources, a defender must be able to analyze multi-step…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Alexander V. Outkin , Patricia V. Schulz , Timothy Schulz , Thomas D. Tarman , Ali Pinar

To counter an imminent multi-drone attack on a city, defenders have deployed drones across the city. These drones must intercept/eliminate the threat, thus reducing potential damage from the attack. We model this as a Sequential Stackelberg…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Dolev Mutzari , Tonmoay Deb , Cristian Molinaro , Andrea Pugliese , V. S. Subrahmanian , Sarit Kraus