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The first Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is the sum of the square of every vertex degree, while the second Zagreb index is the sum of the product of vertex degrees of each edge over all edges. In our work, we solve an open question about…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-07 Shengjin Ji , Shaohui Wang

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph. The first Zagreb index and the forgotten topological index of a graph $G$ are defined respectively as $\sum_{u \in V} d^2(u)$ and $\sum_{u \in V} d^3(u)$, where $d(u)$ is the degree of vertex $u$ in $G$. If the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Rao Li

The first Zagreb index $M_{1}$ of a graph is defined as the sum of the square of every vertex degree, and the second Zagreb index $M_{2}$ of a graph is defined as the sum of the product of vertex degrees of each pair of adjacent vertices.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Xiaocong He , Xiaobo He

For a simple graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, the first Zagreb index and the second Zagreb index are defined as $M_1(G)=\sum_{v\in V}d(v)^2 $ and $M_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E}d(u)d(v)$. In \cite{VGFAD}, it was shown that if a connected…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Hosam Abdo , Darko Dimitrov , Ivan Gutman

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph. The first Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is defined as $\sum_{u \in V} d^2(u)$, where $d(u)$ is the degree of vertex $u$ in $G$. Using the P\'{o}lya-Szeg\H{o} inequality, we in this paper present the first Zagreb…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Rao Li

The hyper Zagreb index is a kind of extensions of Zagreb index, used for predicting physicochemical properties of organic compounds. Given a graph $G= (V(G), E(G))$, the first hyper-Zagreb index is the sum of the square of edge degree over…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-08 Shaohui Wang , Wei Gao , Muhammad K. Jamil , Mohammad R. Farahani , Jia-Bao Liu

We examine the quantity \[S(G) = \sum_{uv\in E(G)} \min(\text{deg } u, \text{deg } v)\] over sets of graphs with a fixed number of edges. The main result shows the maximum possible value of $S(G)$ is achieved by three different classes of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-09 Ashwin Sah , Mehtaab Sawhney

Let G be a simple connected molecular graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$. One important modification of classical Zagreb index, called hyper Zagreb index $HM(G)$ is defined as the sum of squares of the degree sum of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-03-27 Nilanjan De

The Zagreb index of a hypergraph is defined as the sum of the squares of the degrees of its vertices. A connected $k$-uniform hypergraph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges is called bicyclic if $n=m(k-1)-1$. In this paper, we determine the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Hong Zhou , Changjiang Bu

The F-index of a graph is defined as the sum of cubes of the vertex degrees of the graph. This was introduced in 1972, in the same paper where the first and second Zagreb indices were introduced to study the structure-dependency of total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-23 Nilanjan De , Sk. Md. Abu Nayeem , Anita Pal

A topological index is a real number which is derived from a network or a graph by mathematically that characterizes the whole of its structural properties. Recently, there are various topological indices that have been introduced in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-23 Prosanta Sarkar , Nilanjan De , Anita Pal

The second Zagreb index of a graph G is denoted by $M_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}d(u)d(v)$. In this paper, we investigate properties of the extremal graphs with the maximum second Zagreb indices with given graphic sequences, in particular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-30 Wei-Gang Yuan , Xiao-Dong Zhang

Let ${\mathcal G}_n$ be the set of class of graphs of order $n$. The first Zagreb index $M_1(G)$ is equal to the sum of squares of the degrees of the vertices, and the second Zagreb index $M_2(G)$ is equal to the sum of the products of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Batmend Horoldagva , Kinkar Chandra Das

The first Zagreb index $M_{1}(G)$ is equal to the sum of squares of the degrees of the vertices, and the second Zagreb index $M_{2}(G)$ is equal to the sum of the products of the degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices of the underlying…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-09 H. M. Nagesh

In this paper we give new bounds for a several vertex-based and edge-based topological indices of graphs: Albertson irregularity index, degree variance index, Mostar and the first Zagreb index. Moreover, we give a new upper bound for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Arber Avdullahu , Slobodan Filipovski

A graph $G$ consists of two parts, the vertices and edges. The vertices constitute the vertex set $V(G)$ and the edges, the edge set. An edge \( e=xy \), \( ev \)-dominates not only the vertices incident to it but also those adjacent to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Amitariddhi Sinha , Somnath Paul

The aim of this paper is to obtain new sharp inequalities for a large family of topological indices, including the first variable Zagreb index $M_1^\alpha$, and to characterize the set of extremal graphs with respect to them. Our main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-07 Alvaro Martínez-Pérez , José M. Rodríguez

Let $D=(V,A)$ be a digraphs without isolated vertices. The first Zagreb index of a digraph $D$ defined as a summation over all arcs, $M_1(D)=\frac{1}{2}\sum\limits_{uv\in A}(d^{+}_{u}+d^{-}_v)$, where $d^{+}_u$(resp. $d^{-}_u$) denotes the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-31 Jiaxiang Yang , Hanyuan Deng

Continuing the recent work of L. Zhong and K. Xu [MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem.71(2014) 627-642], we determine inequalities among several vertex-degree-based topological indices; first geometric-arithmetic index(GA), augmented Zagreb…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Akbar Ali , Akhlaq Ahmad Bhatti , Zahid Raza

For a graph $G$, the first multiplicative Zagreb index $\prod_1(G) $ is the product of squares of vertex degrees, and the second multiplicative Zagreb index $\prod_2(G) $ is the product of products of degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-09 Shengjin Ji , Shaohui Wang , Tilahun Muche , Sakander Hayat
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