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Machine learning is a powerful tool for building predictive models. However, it is vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) attacks are a common type of adversarial attack that adds small perturbations to input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Amir Hossein Khorasani , Ali Jahanian , Maryam Rastgarpour

In recent years, it has been found that neural networks can be easily fooled by adversarial examples, which is a potential safety hazard in some safety-critical applications. Many researchers have proposed various method to make neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Shuangtao Li , Yuanke Chen , Yanlin Peng , Lin Bai

Adversarial training (AT) with samples generated by Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM), also known as FGSM-AT, is a computationally simple method to train robust networks. However, during its training procedure, an unstable mode of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Zichao Li , Li Liu , Zeyu Wang , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

Deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performances in various domains, while they are vulnerable to the inputs with well-crafted but small perturbations, which are named after adversarial examples (AEs). Among many strategies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Huihui Gong

Recent work has shown that the training of a one-hidden-layer, scalar-output fully-connected ReLU neural network can be reformulated as a finite-dimensional convex program. Unfortunately, the scale of such a convex program grows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Yatong Bai , Tanmay Gautam , Yu Gai , Somayeh Sojoudi

Despite the efficacy on a variety of computer vision tasks, deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, limiting their applications in security-critical systems. Recent works have shown the possibility of generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Ziang Yan , Yiwen Guo , Changshui Zhang

Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) is an essential tool in securing cyberspace from a variety of security risks and unknown cyberattacks. A number of solutions have been implemented for Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Khushnaseeb Roshan , Aasim Zafar , Shiekh Burhan Ul Haque

Adversarial examples can represent a serious threat to machine learning (ML) algorithms. If used to manipulate the behaviour of ML-based Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), they can jeopardize network security. In this work, we aim…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nasim Soltani , Shayan Nejadshamsi , Zakaria Abou El Houda , Raphael Khoury , Kelton A. P. Costa , Tiago H. Falk , Anderson R. Avila

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: adding well-crafted, imperceptible perturbations to their input can modify their output. Adversarial training is one of the most effective approaches in training robust models against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Hadi M. Dolatabadi , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie

Upon the discovery of adversarial attacks, robust models have become obligatory for deep learning-based systems. Adversarial training with first-order attacks has been one of the most effective defenses against adversarial perturbations to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Inci M. Baytas , Debayan Deb

Recent advances show that deep neural networks are not robust to deliberately crafted adversarial examples which many are generated by adding human imperceptible perturbation to clear input. Consider $l_2$ norms attacks, Project Gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Fanyou Wu , Rado Gazo , Eva Haviarova , Bedrich Benes

Generating adversarial examples at scale is a core primitive for robustness evaluation, adversarial training, and red-teaming, yet even "fast" attacks such as FGSM remain throughput-limited by the cost of a backward pass. We introduce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kamil Ciosek , Aleksandr V. Petrov , Nicolò Felicioni , Konstantina Palla

Adversarial attacks pose a severe security threat to the state-of-the-art speaker identification systems, thereby making it vital to propose countermeasures against them. Building on our previous work that used representation learning to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-11 Sonal Joshi , Saurabh Kataria , Jesus Villalba , Najim Dehak

The vulnerability of deep neural networks to small and even imperceptible perturbations has become a central topic in deep learning research. Although several sophisticated defense mechanisms have been introduced, most were later shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Leo Schwinn , An Nguyen , René Raab , Dario Zanca , Bjoern Eskofier , Daniel Tenbrinck , Martin Burger

Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) algorithms, commonly referred to as load disaggregation algorithms, are fundamental tools for effective energy management. Despite the success of deep models in load disaggregation, they face various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Hafsa Bousbiat , Yassine Himeur , Abbes Amira , Wathiq Mansoor

The reliance on deep learning algorithms has grown significantly in recent years. Yet, these models are highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which introduce visually imperceptible perturbations into testing data to induce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Rajeev Sahay , Rehana Mahfuz , Aly El Gamal

Recently, substantial progress has been made in language modeling by using deep neural networks. However, in practice, large scale neural language models have been shown to be prone to overfitting. In this paper, we present a simple yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Dilin Wang , Chengyue Gong , Qiang Liu

Despite recent success on various tasks, deep learning techniques still perform poorly on adversarial examples with small perturbations. While optimization-based methods for adversarial attacks are well-explored in the field of computer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Lifan Yuan , Yichi Zhang , Yangyi Chen , Wei Wei

Improving the robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) to adversarial examples is an important yet challenging problem for secure deep learning. Across existing defense techniques, adversarial training with Projected Gradient Decent (PGD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yisen Wang , Xingjun Ma , James Bailey , Jinfeng Yi , Bowen Zhou , Quanquan Gu

We propose two training techniques for improving the robustness of Neural Networks to adversarial attacks, i.e. manipulations of the inputs that are maliciously crafted to fool networks into incorrect predictions. Both methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Ginevra Carbone , Guido Sanguinetti , Luca Bortolussi