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Unlike hot Jupiters or other gas giants, super-Earths are expected to have a wide variety of compositions, ranging from terrestrial bodies like our own to more gaseous planets like Neptune. Observations of transiting systems, which allow us…

Metal pollution in white dwarf atmospheres may be the accreted remnants of planetary objects. After the discovery of disintegrating planetary objects transiting WD 1145+017 (Vanderburg et al. 2015), undergraduates in the University of…

The primary difficulty with using transits to discover extrasolar planets is the low probability a planet has of transiting its parent star. One way of overcoming this difficulty is to search for transits in dense stellar fields, such as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Scott Gaudi

The WFCAM Transit Survey (WTS) is a near-infrared transit survey running on the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT), designed to discover planets around M dwarfs. The WTS acts as a poor-seeing backup programme for the telescope, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-05 Gábor Kovács , S. Hodgkin , B. Sipőcz , D. Pinfield , D. Barrado , J. Birkby , M. Cappetta , P. Cruz , J. Koppenhoefer , E. Martín , F. Murgas , B. Nefs , R. Saglia , J. Zendejas

The Transit Ephemeris Refinement and Monitoring Survey (TERMS) conducts radial velocity and photometric monitoring of known exoplanets in order to refine planetary orbits and predictions of possible transit times. This effort is primarily…

The MEarth Project is a ground-based photometric survey to find planets transiting the closest and smallest main-sequence stars. In its first four years, MEarth discovered one transiting exoplanet, the 2.7 Earth radius planet GJ1214b. Here,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Zachory K. Berta , Jonathan Irwin , David Charbonneau

Uninterrupted observations from space-borne telescopes provide the photometric precision that is required to detect shallow transits of small planets missed by ground-based surveys. We used data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-29 G. Maciejewski

M-dwarfs are known to commonly host high-multiplicity planetary systems. Therefore M-dwarf planetary systems with a known transiting planet are expected to contain additional small planets ($r_p \le 4$ R$_{\oplus}$, $m_p \lesssim 20$…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-28 Ryan Cloutier , René Doyon , Kristen Menou , Xavier Delfosse , Xavier Dumusque , Étienne Artigau

We analyze the properties of searches devoted to finding planetary transits by observing simple stellar systems, such as globular clusters, open clusters, and the Galactic bulge. We develop the analytic tools necessary to predict the number…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Pepper , B. S. Gaudi

The Pan-Planets survey observed an area of 42 sq deg. in the galactic disk for about 165 hours. The main scientific goal of the project is the detection of transiting planets around M dwarfs. We establish an efficient procedure for…

We make predictions for the rate of discovery of eclipsing white dwarf-main sequence (WD-MS) binaries in terrestrial-planet transit searches, taking the planned Kepler and Eddington missions as examples. We use a population synthesis model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Alison Farmer , Eric Agol

We describe strategies and tactics for detecting transiting planets, as learned from the experience of the XO Project. A key component is the web-enabled collaboration with a longitudinally-distributed Extended Team of dedicated volunteers…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter R. McCullough , Christopher J. Burke

White dwarf spectroscopy shows that nearly half of white dwarf atmospheres contain metals that must have been accreted from planetary material that survived the red giant phases of stellar evolution. We can use metal pollution in white…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-28 Brett M. Morris , Kevin Heng , Alexis Brandeker , Andrew Swan , Monika Lendl

Studies of transiting Neptune-size planets orbiting close to nearby bright stars can inform theories of planet formation because mass and radius and therefore mean density can be accurately estimated and compared with interior models. The…

We determine the starspot detection rate in exoplanetary transit light curves for M and K dwarf stars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using various starspot filling factors and starspot distributions. We used…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 J. Tregloan-Reed , E. Unda-Sanzana

Most planetary discoveries with the K2 and TESS missions are restricted to short periods because of the limited duration of observation. However, the re-observation of sky area allows for the detection of longer period planets. We describe…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-19 S. Dholakia , S. Dholakia , Andrew W. Mayo , Courtney D. Dressing

We examine the ability of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to detect and improve our understanding of planetary systems in the Kepler field. By modeling the expected transits of all confirmed and candidate planets detected…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 Callista N. Christ , Benjamin T. Montet , Daniel C. Fabrycky

We report the first ground-based transit observation of K2-3d, a 1.5 R_Earth planet supposedly within the habitable zone around a bright M-dwarf host star, using the Okayama 188 cm telescope and the multi(grz)-band imager MuSCAT. Although…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-28 Akihiko Fukui , John Livingston , Norio Narita , Teruyuki Hirano , Masahiro Onitsuka , Tsuguru Ryu , Nobuhiko Kusakabe

The main scientific goal of TESS is to find planets smaller than Neptune around stars that are bright enough to allow for further characterization studies. Given our current instrumentation and detection biases, M dwarfs are prime targets…

We report the results of a prototype photometric search for transiting extrasolar planets using Subaru Suprime-Cam. Out of about 100,000 stars monitored around the Galactic plane (l=90 degree,b=0 degree), we find that 7,700 (27,000) stars…