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We consider the billiard map inside a polyhedron. We give a condition for the stability of the periodic trajectories. We apply this result to the case of the tetrahedron. We deduce the existence of an open set of tetrahedra which have a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-04-07 Nicolas Bedaride

New invariants in the one-dimensional family of 3-periodic orbits in the elliptic billiard were introduced by the authors in "Can the Elliptic Billiard Still Surprise Us?" (2020), Math. Intelligencer, 42(1): 6--17, some of which were…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Ronaldo Garcia , Dan Reznik , Jair Koiller

The celebrated Hardy-Landau lower bound for the error term in the Gauss's circle problem can be viewed as an estimate from below for the remainder in Weyl's law on a square, with either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. We prove an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-07-08 Suresh Eswarathasan , Iosif Polterovich , John A. Toth

In this paper we establish a kind of bijection between the orbits of a polygonal outer billiards system and the orbits of a related (and simpler to analyze) system called the pinwheel map. One consequence of the result is that the outer…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-04-26 Richard Evan Schwartz

We introduce a new class of billiard-like system, ``bouncing outer billiards" which are 3-dimensional cousins of outer billiards of Neumann and Moser. We prove that bouncing outer billiard on a smooth convex body has at least four…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Andrey Gogolev , Levi Keck , Kevin Lewis

The notions of reflection from outside, reflection from inside and signature of a billiard trajectory within a quadric are introduced. Cayley-type conditions for periodical trajectories for the billiard in the region bounded by $k$ quadrics…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Vladimir Dragovic , Milena Radnovic

We define billiards in the context of sub-Finsler Geometry. We provide symplectic and variational (or rather, control theoretical) descriptions of the problem and show that they coincide. We then discuss several phenomena in this setting,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-12-10 Lucas Dahinden , Álvaro del Pino

The classical inner and outer billiards can be formulated in variational terms, with length and area as the respective generating functions. The other two combinations, ``inner with area'' and ``outer with length,'' are more recently…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Lael Edwards-Costa

From a geometric viewpoint, billiard trajectories and geodesics are related by mutual approximation results. In one direction, it is known that every geodesic curve in the boundary of a smooth convex body can be approximated by a sequence…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Daniele Giannetto

We study billiards in plane domains, with a perpendicular magnetic field and a potential. We give some results on periodic orbits, KAM tori and adiabatic invariants. We also prove the existence of bound states in a related scattering…

chao-dyn · Physics 2010-12-10 N. Berglund

We consider classical dynamical properties of a particle in a constant gravitational force and making specular reflections with circular, elliptic or oval boundaries. The model and collision map are described and a detailed study of the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2017-06-29 D. R. da Costa , C. P. Dettmann , E. D. Leonel

The arithmetic triangular billiards are classically chaotic but have Poissonian energy level statistics, in ostensible violation of the BGS conjecture. We show that the length spectra of their periodic orbits divides into subspectra…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-08-11 Petr Braun

We show that wave functions in planar rational polygonal billiards (all angles rationally related to Pi) can be expanded in a basis of quasi-stationary and spatially regular states. Unlike the energy eigenstates, these states are directly…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 Jan Wiersig

In this paper, outer billiards outside regular octagon are studied in details. We described all periodic points and their periods; also, we proved that the periodic points form a set of full measure outside the octagon and found an…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Filipp Rukhovich

We give lower bound on the number of periodic billiard trajectories inside a generic smooth strictly convex closed surface in 3-space: for odd n, there are at least 2(n-1) such trajectories. We apply a topological approach based on the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Farber , Serge Tabachnikov

We give an optical physicist view of the problem of the trajectories in a polygonal billiard using only basic facts of Optics and the theory of functions of a complex variable. This approach allow us to stablish a certain correspondence…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-07-24 Eduardo Díaz-Miguel

Consider a strictly convex set $\Omega$ in the plane, and a homogeneous, stationary magnetic field orthogonal to the plane whose strength is $B$ on the complement of $\Omega$ and $0$ inside $\Omega$. The trajectories of a charged particle…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-09-01 Sean Gasiorek

The billiard flow in a planar domain acts on its tangent bundle as geodesic flow with reflections from the boundary. Its trivial first integral is the squared velocity. Bolotin's Conjecture, now a joint theorem of Bialy, Mironov and the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Alexey Glutsyuk

We introduce a class of convex, higher-dimensional billiard models which generalise stadium billiards. These models correspond to the free motion of a point-particle in a region bounded by cylinders cut by planes. They are motivated by…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2013-02-07 Thomas Gilbert , David P. Sanders

In this paper we show that, under certain generic conditions, billiards on ovals have only a finite number of periodic orbits, for each period, all non-degenerate and at least one of them is hyperbolic. Moreover, the invariant curves of two…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. J. Dias Carneiro , S. Oliffson Kamphorst , S. Pinto-de-Carvalho