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Generative models that can model and predict sequences of future events can, in principle, learn to capture complex real-world phenomena, such as physical interactions. However, a central challenge in video prediction is that the future is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Manoj Kumar , Mohammad Babaeizadeh , Dumitru Erhan , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine , Laurent Dinh , Durk Kingma

Generative models based on flow matching have demonstrated remarkable success in various domains, yet they suffer from a fundamental limitation: the lack of interpretability in their intermediate generation steps. In fact these models learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Francesco Pivi , Simone Gazza , Davide Evangelista , Roberto Amadini , Maurizio Gabbrielli

Most learning-based image compression methods lack efficiency for high image quality due to their non-invertible design. The decoding function of the frequently applied compressive autoencoder architecture is only an approximated inverse of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Marc Windsheimer , Fabian Brand , André Kaup

Normalizing flow is a generative modeling approach with efficient sampling. However, Flow-based models suffer two issues: 1) If the target distribution is manifold, due to the unmatch between the dimensions of the latent target distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Qinglong Meng , Chongkun Xia , Xueqian Wang

Flow and diffusion models are typically pre-trained on limited available data (e.g., molecular samples), covering only a fraction of the valid design space (e.g., the full molecular space). As a consequence, they tend to generate samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Riccardo De Santi , Kimon Protopapas , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Andreas Krause

Despite recent advances in generative modeling for text-to-speech synthesis, these models do not yet have the same fine-grained adjustability of pitch-conditioned deterministic models such as FastPitch and FastSpeech2. Pitch information is…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Kevin J. Shih , Rafael Valle , Rohan Badlani , João Felipe Santos , Bryan Catanzaro

A class of generative models that unifies flow-based and diffusion-based methods is introduced. These models extend the framework proposed in Albergo and Vanden-Eijnden (2023), enabling the use of a broad class of continuous-time stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Michael S. Albergo , Nicholas M. Boffi , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Many generative applications, such as synthesis-based 3D molecular design, involve constructing compositional objects with continuous features. Here, we introduce Compositional Generative Flows (CGFlow), a novel framework that extends flow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Tony Shen , Seonghwan Seo , Ross Irwin , Kieran Didi , Simon Olsson , Woo Youn Kim , Martin Ester

Flow-based latent generative models such as Stable Diffusion 3 are able to generate images with remarkable quality, even enabling photorealistic text-to-image generation. Their impressive performance suggests that these models should also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Julius Erbach , Dominik Narnhofer , Andreas Dombos , Bernt Schiele , Jan Eric Lenssen , Konrad Schindler

Density estimation, a central problem in machine learning, can be performed using Normalizing Flows (NFs). NFs comprise a sequence of invertible transformations, that turn a complex target distribution into a simple one, by exploiting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Massimiliano Patacchiola , Aliaksandra Shysheya , Katja Hofmann , Richard E. Turner

Diffusion models and their variations, such as rectified flows, generate diverse and high-quality images, but they are still hindered by slow iterative sampling caused by the highly curved generative paths they learn. An important cause of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Nazir Nayal , Christopher Wewer , Jan Eric Lenssen

In this work, we propose a new generative model that is capable of automatically decoupling global and local representations of images in an entirely unsupervised setting, by embedding a generative flow in the VAE framework to model the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Xuezhe Ma , Xiang Kong , Shanghang Zhang , Eduard Hovy

Normalizing flows leverage the Change of Variables Formula (CVF) to define flexible density models. Yet, the requirement of smooth transformations (diffeomorphisms) in the CVF poses a significant challenge in the construction of these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-12 Niklas Koenen , Marvin N. Wright , Peter Maaß , Jens Behrmann

Energy based models (EBMs) are appealing for their generality and simplicity in data likelihood modeling, but have conventionally been difficult to train due to the unstable and time-consuming implicit MCMC sampling during contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Junn Yong Loo , Michelle Adeline , Arghya Pal , Vishnu Monn Baskaran , Chee-Ming Ting , Raphael C. -W. Phan

The choice of approximate posterior distribution is one of the core problems in variational inference. Most applications of variational inference employ simple families of posterior approximations in order to allow for efficient inference,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-15 Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Shakir Mohamed

Flow matching models have emerged as a powerful method for generative modeling on domains like images or videos, and even on irregular or unstructured data like 3D point clouds or even protein structures. These models are commonly trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yuyang Wang , Anurag Ranjan , Josh Susskind , Miguel Angel Bautista

Normalizing flows are deep generative models that enable efficient likelihood estimation and sampling through invertible transformations. A key challenge is to design linear layers that enhance expressiveness while maintaining efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xuchen Feng , Siyu Liao

Estimating three-dimensional conformations of a molecular graph allows insight into the molecule's biological and chemical functions. Fast generation of valid conformations is thus central to molecular modeling. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sohil Atul Shah , Vladlen Koltun

We propose a new class of generative diffusion models, called functional diffusion. In contrast to previous work, functional diffusion works on samples that are represented by functions with a continuous domain. Functional diffusion can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Biao Zhang , Peter Wonka

The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey