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In 20th century mathematics, the field of topology, which concerns the properties of geometric objects under continuous transformation, has proved surprisingly useful in application to the study of discrete mathematics, such as…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-05-10 Jingsi Hou , Guangyan Huang , Sammy Suliman , Haoran Yan

We develop a theory to represent dislocated single crystals at the mesoscopic scale by considering concentrated effects, governed by the distribution theory combined with multiple-valued kinematic fields. Our approach gives a new…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nicolas Van Goethem , F. Dupret

We introduce a computational method to optimize target physical properties in the full configuration space regarding atomic composition, chemical stoichiometry, and crystal structure. The approach combines the universal potential of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-03 Guanjian Cheng , Xin-Gao Gong , Wan-Jian Yin

We discuss integrable discretizations of 3-dimensional cyclic systems, that is, orthogonal coordinate systems with one family of circular coordinate lines. In particular, the underlying circle congruences are investigated in detail, and…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-05-19 Udo Hertrich-Jeromin , Gudrun Szewieczek

Recent formal classifications of crystalline topological insulators predict that the combination of time-reversal and rotational symmetry gives rise to topological invariants beyond the ones known for other lattice symmetries. Although the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-12-01 Jans Henke , Mert Kurttutan , Jorrit Kruthoff , Jasper van Wezel

The current understanding of spin-polarization phenomena in crystals relies heavily on the development of specific k.p Hamiltonians. A more fundamental and symmetry-driven understanding, based solely on crystalline symmetries, remains…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-23 Wei Tan , Jianfeng Wang , Yang Li , Bing Huang

The first-principles band theory paradigm has been a key player not only in the process of discovering new classes of topologically interesting materials, but also for identifying salient characteristics of topological states, enabling…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-03 Arun Bansil , Hsin Lin , Tanmoy Das

In recent years there has been a great interest in topological materials and in their fascinating properties. Topological band theory was initially developed for condensed matter systems, but it can be readily applied to arbitrary wave…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-05 Filipa R. Prudêncio , Mário G. Silveirinha

This thesis is concerned with a realisation of topological theories in terms of statistical models known as Calabi-Yau crystals. The thesis starts with an introduction and review of topological field and string theories. Subsequently…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-12-14 Piotr Sułkowski

What is the "right" topological invariant of a large point cloud X? Prior research has focused on estimating the full persistence diagram of X, a quantity that is very expensive to compute, unstable to outliers, and far from a sufficient…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-02-18 Elchanan Solomon , Alexander Wagner , Paul Bendich

The evaluation of graphs on 2-spheres is a central ingredient of the Turaev-Viro construction of three-dimensional topological field theories. In this article, we introduce a class of graphs, called extruded graphs, that is relevant for the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Julian Farnsteiner , Christoph Schweigert

Topological phases of matter are often understood and predicted with the help of crystal symmetries, although they don't rely on them to exist. In this chapter we review how topological phases have been recently shown to emerge in amorphous…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-08-23 Adolfo G. Grushin

We propose a discrete surface theory in $\mathbb R^3$ that unites the most prevalent versions of discrete special parametrizations. This theory encapsulates a large class of discrete surfaces given by a Lax representation and, in…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-12-24 Tim Hoffmann , Andrew O. Sageman-Furnas , Max Wardetzky

Disordered systems like liquids, gels, glasses, or granular materials are not only ubiquitous in daily life and in industrial applications but they are also crucial for the mechanical stability of cells or the transport of chemical and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-07-06 Zhen Zhang , Walter Kob

Moir\'e materials, typically confined to stacking atomically thin, two - dimensional (2D) layers such as graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides, have transformed our understanding of strongly correlated and topological quantum…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-09 Ilya Popov , Elena Besley

A part of the theory of dislocations in crystals is revised with the aim to fit it into the framework of the nonlinear theory of plasticity initially designed for amorphous glassy materials.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jeffrey Comer , Ruslan Sharipov

A central question in dynamics is whether the topology of a system determines its geometry. This is known as rigidity. Under mild topological conditions rigidity holds for many classical cases, including: Kleinian groups, circle…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-05-04 Marco Martens , Liviana Palmisano , Björn Winckler

We consider here a fully discrete variant of the implicit variational scheme for mean curvature flow [AlmTayWan,LucStu], in a setting where the flow is governed by a crystalline surface tension defined by the limit of pairwise interactions…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Antonin Chambolle , Daniele De Gennaro , Massimiliano Morini

Various kinds of data are routinely represented as discrete probability distributions. Examples include text documents summarized by histograms of word occurrences and images represented as histograms of oriented gradients. Viewing a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Herbert Edelsbrunner , Ziga Virk , Hubert Wagner

Crystal structure prediction has been a subject of topical interest, but remains a substantial challenge, especially for complex structures as it deals with the global minimization of the extremely rugged high-dimensional potential energy…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-01-26 Xuecheng Shao , Jian Lv , Peng Liu , Sen Shao , Pengyue Gao , Hanyu Liu , Yanchao Wang , Yanming Ma