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In this work we consider the unbiased estimation of expectations w.r.t.~probability measures that have non-negative Lebesgue density, and which are known point-wise up-to a normalizing constant. We focus upon developing an unbiased method…

Computation · Statistics 2023-08-17 Hamza Ruzayqat , Neil K. Chada , Ajay Jasra

This paper investigates the use of stratified sampling as a variance reduction technique for approximating integrals over large dimensional spaces. The accuracy of this method critically depends on the choice of the space partition, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-15 Pierre Etoré , Gersende Fort , Benjamin Jourdain , Eric Moulines

Recently, particle-based variational inference (ParVI) methods have gained interest because they can avoid arbitrary parametric assumptions that are common in variational inference. However, many ParVI approaches do not allow arbitrary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Neale Ratzlaff , Qinxun Bai , Li Fuxin , Wei Xu

The kinetic Langevin dynamics finds diverse applications in various disciplines such as molecular dynamics and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling. In this paper, a novel splitting scalar auxiliary variable (SSAV) scheme is proposed for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Lei Dai , Yingsong Jiang , Xiaojie Wang

The curse of dimensionality is a longstanding challenge in Bayesian inference in high dimensions. In this work, we propose a projected Stein variational gradient descent (pSVGD) method to overcome this challenge by exploiting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Peng Chen , Omar Ghattas

We introduce a method to sample the orientational distribution function in computer simulations. The method is based on the exact torque balance equation for classical many-body systems of interacting anisotropic particles in equilibrium.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-04-12 Johannes Renner , Matthias Schmidt , Daniel de las Heras

Gradient information on the sampling distribution can be used to reduce the variance of Monte Carlo estimators via Stein's method. An important application is that of estimating an expectation of a test function along the sample path of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-29 Chris J. Oates , Jon Cockayne , François-Xavier Briol , Mark Girolami

Computing observables from conditioned dynamics is typically computationally hard, because, although obtaining independent samples efficiently from the unconditioned dynamics is usually feasible, generally most of the samples must be…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2026-01-08 Alfredo Braunstein , Giovanni Catania , Luca Dall'Asta , Matteo Mariani , Anna Paola Muntoni

Stochastic gradient Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms are popular samplers for approximate inference, but they are generally biased. We show that many recent versions of these methods (e.g. Chen et al. (2014)) cannot be corrected using…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-03 Adrià Garriga-Alonso , Vincent Fortuin

A wide variety of numerical methods are evaluated and compared for solving the stochastic differential equations encountered in molecular dynamics. The methods are based on the application of deterministic impulses, drifts, and Brownian…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-05-14 Benedict Leimkuhler , Charles Matthews

This paper examines the spatial coverage optimization problem for multiple sensors in a known convex environment, where the coverage service of each sensor is heterogeneous and anisotropic. We introduce the Stein Coverage algorithm, a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Donipolo Ghimire , Solmaz S. Kia

Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) is a popular sampling algorithm used in various machine learning tasks. It is well known that SVGD arises from a discretization of the kernelized gradient flow of the Kullback-Leibler divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Lukang Sun , Peter Richtárik

We propose a general and scalable approximate sampling strategy for probabilistic models with discrete variables. Our approach uses gradients of the likelihood function with respect to its discrete inputs to propose updates in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Will Grathwohl , Kevin Swersky , Milad Hashemi , David Duvenaud , Chris J. Maddison

Efficient Boltzmann-sampling using first-principles methods is challenging for extended systems due to the steep scaling of electronic structure methods with the system size. Stochastic approaches provide a gentler system-size dependency at…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Eitam Arnon , Eran Rabani , Daniel Neuhauser , Roi Baer

Physically motivated stochastic dynamics are often used to sample from high-dimensional distributions. However such dynamics often get stuck in specific regions of their state space and mix very slowly to the desired stationary state. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-13 Abhijith Jayakumar , Andrey Y. Lokhov , Sidhant Misra , Marc Vuffray

We develop a stochastic algorithm for independent component analysis that incorporates multi-trial supervision, which is available in many scientific contexts. The method blends a proximal gradient-type algorithm in the space of invertible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Ronak Mehta , Mateus Piovezan Otto , Noah Stanis , Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad , Zaid Harchaoui

The problem of sampling a target probability distribution on a constrained domain arises in many applications including machine learning. For constrained sampling, various Langevin algorithms such as projected Langevin Monte Carlo (PLMC),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-07 Yingli Wang , Changwei Tu , Xiaoyu Wang , Lingjiong Zhu

In this paper we present a general framework for Stein's method for multivariate continuous distributions. The approach gives a collection of Stein characterisations, among which we highlight score-Stein operators and kernel Stein…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-14 Guillaume Mijoule , Gesine Reinert , Yvik Swan

Variational Optimization forms a differentiable upper bound on an objective. We show that approaches such as Natural Evolution Strategies and Gaussian Perturbation, are special cases of Variational Optimization in which the expectations are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-14 Thomas Bird , Julius Kunze , David Barber

Stochastic differential equations can describe a wide range of dynamical systems, and obtaining the governing equations of these systems is the premise of studying the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the system. Neural networks are currently…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Xiao-Kai An , Lin Du , Zi-Chen Deng , Yu-jia Zhang
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