Related papers: Generalized Electron Hydrodynamics, Vorticity Coup…
Electrons behave like a classical fluid with a momentum distribution function that varies slowly in space and time when the quantum mechanical carrier-carrier scattering dominates over all other scattering processes. Recent experiments in…
Interactions of charge carriers with lattice vibrations, or phonons, play a critical role in unconventional electronic transport of metals and semimetals. Recent observations of phonon-mediated collective electron flow in bulk semimetals,…
The concept of fluidic viscosity is ubiquitous in our everyday life and for it to arise the fluidic medium must necessarily form a continuum where macroscopic properties can emerge. While a powerful concept for tangible liquids,…
In the presence of interactions, electrons in condensed-matter systems can behave hydrodynamically, exhibiting phenomena associated with classical fluids, such as vortices and Poiseuille flow. In most conductors, electron-electron…
Materials subjected to a magnetic field exhibit the Hall effect, a phenomenon studied and understood in fine detail. Here we report a qualitative breach of this classical behavior in electron systems with high viscosity. The viscous fluid…
We examine the hydrostatic stress of electrons strongly confined in a quasi-2D quantum well in the presence of a strong perpendicular and weak in-plane magnetic field. This introduces anisotropy into the stress tensor which is inconsistent…
Modern two dimensional conductors with low defect densities and strong electron-electron scattering are favorable platforms for formation of a viscous fluid of conduction electrons. Electric properties of these systems are determined by the…
Quantum-critical states of diverse strongly correlated systems are predicted to feature universal collision-dominated transport resembling that of viscous fluids. However, investigation of these phenomena has been hampered by the lack of…
Recent advances in materials science have made it possible to achieve conditions under which electrons in metals start behaving as highly viscous fluids, "thicker than honey", and exhibit fascinating hydrodynamic effects. In this short…
We report non-local electrical measurements in a mesoscopic size two-dimensional (2D) electron gas in a GaAs quantum well in a hydrodynamic regime. Viscous electric flow is expected to be dominant when electron-electron collisions occur…
Vortices in electron fluids are a key indicator of electron hydrodynamics. However, a comprehensive framework linking macroscopic vorticity measurements with microscopic interactions and scattering mechanisms has been lacking. We employ…
Electron transport in two-dimensional conducting materials such as graphene, with dominant electron-electron interaction, exhibits unusual vortex flow that leads to a nonlocal current-field relation (negative resistance), distinct from the…
Materials with strongly-correlated electrons exhibit interesting phenomena such as metal-insulator transitions and high-temperature superconductivity. In stark contrast to ordinary metals, electron transport in these materials is thought to…
Viscous electron fluids have emerged recently as a new paradigm of strongly-correlated electron transport in solids. Here we report on a direct observation of the transition to this long-sought-for state of matter in a high-mobility…
Hydrodynamics is a general description for the flow of a fluid, and is expected to hold even for fundamental particles such as electrons when inter-particle interactions dominate. While various aspects of electron hydrodynamics were…
Hydrodynamic transport effectively describes the collective dynamics of fluids with well-defined thermodynamic quantities. With enhanced electron-electron interactions at elevated temperatures, the collective behavior of electrons in…
In absence of time-reversal symmetry, viscous electron flow hosts a number of interesting phenomena, of which we focus here on the Hall viscosity. Taking a step beyond the hydrodynamic definition of the Hall viscosity, we derive a…
We study two-dimensional electron systems in the hydrodynamic regime. We show that a geometrical Berry curvature modifies the effective Navier-Stokes equation for viscous electron flow in topological materials. For small electric fields,…
Hydrodynamic electron transport in solids, governed by momentum-conserving electron-electron collisions, offers a unique framework to explore collective phenomena. Within this framework, correlated electron motion is modeled as viscous…
Electron hydrodynamics is currently known to emerge only when electron-electron interaction dominates over the momentum-nonconserving scatterings of electrons, where the electron transport is described by a hydrodynamic equation. Here we…