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In the context of event-by-event hydrodynamic description, we analyze the implications of two models characterized by distinct initial conditions. The initial energy density of the first model adopts a Gaussian-type distribution, while…
We study flow phenomena in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, both in transverse and radial direction, in comparison to experimental data. The collective dynamics of the nucleus-nucleus collision is described within a transport model of the…
Event-by-event fluctuations and correlations between particles produced in relativistic nuclear collisions are studied. The fluctuations in positive, negative, total and net charge are closely related through correlations. In the event of a…
A model for energy, pressure and flow velocity distributions at the beginning of relativistic heavy ion collisions has been developed to be used as initial condition for hydrodynamical calculations. The results show that at the early stages…
We analyze event-by-event fluctuations of the transverse momentum in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC in the framework based on the fluctuating Glauber-model initial conditions, event-by-event (3+1)-dimensional viscous…
Hydrodynamic description requires a local thermodynamic equilibrium of the system under study but an approximate hydrodynamic behaviour is already manifested when a momentum distribution of liquid components is not of equilibrium form but…
General formulation of hydrodynamics describing transversally thermalized matter created at the early stages of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions is presented. Similarities and differences with the standard three-dimensionally…
The first results from heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider for charged particle spectra and elliptic flow are compared to an event-by-event hybrid approach with an ideal hydrodynamic expansion. This approach has been shown to…
To bracket the importance of the pre-equilibrium stage on relativistic heavy-ion collision observables, we compare simulations where it is modeled by either free-streaming partons or fluid dynamics. These cases implement the assumptions of…
We compute the longitudinal hydrodynamic flow in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5500 GeV by using boost non-invariant initial conditions following from perturbative QCD. The transfer of entropy and energy from the…
We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…
We investigate the effect of hydrodynamic fluctuations on the rapidity decorrelations of anisotropic flow in high-energy nuclear collisions using a (3+1)-dimensional integrated dynamical model. The integrated dynamical model consists of…
These proceedings consist of a brief overview of the current understanding of collective behavior in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In particular, recent progress in understanding the implications of event-by-event fluctuations have…
The evolution of a relativistic heavy-ion collision is typically understood as a process that transmutes the initial geometry of the system into the final momentum distribution of observed hadrons, which can be described via a cumulant…
Collective flow of the final-state hadrons observed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions or even in smaller systems formed in high-multiplicity pp and p/d/$^3$He-nucleus collisions is one of the most important diagnostic tools to probe…
We study the dynamical appearance of scaling solutions in relativistic hydrodynamics. The phase transition effects are included through the temperature dependent sound velocity. If a pre-equilibrium transverse flow is included in the…
We perform a principal component analysis (PCA) of $v_3(p_T)$ in event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations of Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The PCA procedure identifies two dominant contributions to the two-particle…
The flow of charm is calculated in 2+1 ideal hydrodynamics by introducing the charge of $c\bar{c}$ pair assuming that the number of $c\bar{c}$ pairs is conserved in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. It is found that the mean radial flow…
The sensitivity of calorimetric energy-energy correlation function to the medium-induced energy loss of fast partons in high multiplicity heavy ion interactions is demonstrated at the appropriate selection of events for the analysis,…
We extend the applicability of the hydrodynamics, perturbative QCD and saturation -based EKRT (Eskola-Kajantie-Ruuskanen-Tuominen) framework for ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions to peripheral collisions by introducing dynamical…