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We show that for any fixed dense graph G and bounded-degree tree T on the same number of vertices, a modest random perturbation of G will typically contain a copy of T . This combines the viewpoints of the well-studied problems of embedding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-30 Michael Krivelevich , Matthew Kwan , Benny Sudakov

Packing graphs is a combinatorial problem where several given graphs are being mapped into a common host graph such that every edge is used at most once. In the planar tree packing problem we are given two trees T1 and T2 on n vertices and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-03-28 Markus Geyer , Michael Hoffmann , Michael Kaufmann , Vincent Kusters , Csaba D. Tóth

Let $\mathcal{T}^{(p)}_n$ be the set of $p$-ary labeled trees on $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$. A maximal decreasing subtree of an $p$-ary labeled tree is defined by the maximal $p$-ary subtree from the root with all edges being decreasing. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Seunghyun Seo , Heesung Shin

Our previous paper shows that the (vertex) spanning tree degree enumerator polynomial of a connected graph $G$ is a real stable polynomial (id est is non-zero if all variables have positive imaginary parts) if and only if $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-30 Danila Cherkashin , Pavel Prozorov

It is well known that the spectral radius $\rho(T)$ of a tree $T$ with at least $3$ vertices has the property that $\frac 14\rho(T)^2+1<\Delta(T)\le \rho(T)^2$, where $\Delta(T)$ is the maximum degree of $T$. Let $\mathbb{P}$ denote the set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Fengming Dong , Ruixue Zhang

We give two combinatorial proofs of an elegant product formula for the number of spanning trees of the $n$-dimensional hypercube. The first proof is based on the assertion that if one chooses a uniformly random rooted spanning tree of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-13 Olivier Bernardi

The Spanning Tree Congestion (STC) problem is the following NP-hard problem: given a graph $G$, construct a spanning tree $T$ of $G$ minimizing its maximum edge congestion where the congestion of an edge $e\in T$ is the number of edges $uv$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Petr Kolman

Extending some properties from the Euclidean plane to any normed plane, we show the validity of the Monma-Paterson-Suri-Yao algorithm for finding the maximum-weighted spanning tree of a set of $n$ points, where the weight of an edge is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Javier Alonso , Pedro Martín

A tree is said to be even if for every pair of distinct leaves, the length of the unique path between them is even. In this paper we discuss the problem of determining whether an input graph has a spanning even tree. Hofmann and Walsh…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Tesshu Hanaka , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Kazuhiro Kurita , Yasuko Matsui , Atsuki Nagao , Hirotaka Ono , Kazuhisa Seto

For $S\subseteq V(G)$, we define $\bar{S}=V(G)\setminus S$. A set $S\subseteq V(G)$ is called a super dominating set if for every vertex $u\in \bar{S}$, there exists $v\in S$ such that $N(v)\cap \bar{S}=\{u\}$. The super domination number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Wei Zhuang

For a forbidden graph $L$, let $ex(p;L)$ denote the maximal number of edges in a simple graph of order $p$ not containing $L$. Let $T_n$ denote the unique tree on $n$ vertices with maximal degree $n-2$, and let $T_n^*=(V,E)$ be the tree on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Zhi-Hong Sun , Lin-Lin Wang

A dominating set of a graph is a subset $D$ of its vertices such that every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to at least one member of $D$. The domination number of a graph $G$ is the number of vertices in a smallest dominating set of $G$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Dieter Mitsche , Xavier Pérez-Giménez , Pawel Prałat

The Matrix-Tree Theorem states that the number of spanning trees of a graph is given by the absolute value of any cofactor of the Laplacian matrix of the graph. We propose a very short proof of this result which amounts to comparing Taylor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Amitai Netser Zernik

We address the problem of building and maintaining distributed spanning trees in highly dynamic networks, in which topological events can occur at any time and any rate, and no stable periods can be assumed. In these harsh environments, we…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-07-23 Arnaud Casteigts , Serge Chaumette , Frédéric Guinand , Yoann Pigné

A fundamental problem in network science is the normalization of the topological or physical distance between vertices, that requires understanding the range of variation of the unnormalized distances. Here we investigate the limits of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho , Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez , Juan Luis Esteban

The status of a vertex $v$ in a connected graph is the sum of the distances from $v$ to all other vertices. The status sequence of a connected graph is the list of the statuses of all the vertices of the graph. In this paper we investigate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Aida Abiad , Boris Brimkov , Alexander Grigoriev

We consider the message complexity of verifying whether a given subgraph of the communication network forms a tree with specific properties both in the KT-$\rho$ (nodes know their $\rho$-hop neighborhood, including node IDs) and the KT-$0$…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Shay Kutten , Peter Robinson , Ming Ming Tan

It has been known for some time that the topological entropy is a nondecreasing function of the parameter in the real quadratic family, which corresponds to the intuitive idea that more nonlinearity induces more complex dynamical behavior.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-09-25 John Milnor , Charles Tresser

We are interested in the consequences of imposing edges in $T$ a minimum spanning tree. We prove that the sum of the replacement costs in $T$ of the imposed edges is a lower bounds of the additional costs. More precisely if r-cost$(T,e)$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-21 Nicolas Isoart , Jean-Charles Régin

In 1986, Janson showed that the number of edges in the union of $k$ random spanning trees in the complete graph $K_n$ is a shifted Poisson distribution. Using results from the theory of electrical networks, we provide a new proof of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-17 Austen James , Matthew Larson , Daniel Montealegre , Andrew Salmon
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