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Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) have been proposed as a continuous depth generalization to popular deep learning models such as Residual networks (ResNets). They provide parameter efficiency and automate the model selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Srinivas Anumasa , P. K. Srijith

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) is an invertible neural network architecture promising for its free-form Jacobian and the availability of a tractable Jacobian determinant estimator. Recently, the representation power of NODEs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Takeshi Teshima , Koichi Tojo , Masahiro Ikeda , Isao Ishikawa , Kenta Oono

The neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) framework has emerged as a powerful tool for developing accelerated surrogate models of complex physical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). A popular approach for PDE…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-03-26 Ashish S. Nair , Shivam Barwey , Pinaki Pal , Jonathan F. MacArt , Troy Arcomano , Romit Maulik

Despite significant advances in the field of deep learning in ap-plications to various areas, an explanation of the learning pro-cess of neural network models remains an important open ques-tion. The purpose of this paper is a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 German Magai

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) are geometric deep learning models based on dynamical systems and flows generated by vector fields on manifolds. Despite numerous successful applications, particularly within the flow matching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Per Åhag , Alexander Friedrich , Fredrik Ohlsson , Viktor Vigren Näslund

Poverty is a complex dynamic challenge that cannot be adequately captured using predefined differential equations. Nowadays, artificial machine learning (ML) methods have demonstrated significant potential in modelling real-world dynamical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Sandeep Kumar Samota , Snehashish Chakraverty , Narayan Sethi

Deep Learning is a state-of-the-art technique to make inference on extensive or complex data. As a black box model due to their multilayer nonlinear structure, Deep Neural Networks are often criticized to be non-transparent and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Vanessa Buhrmester , David Münch , Michael Arens

An important application of neural networks to scientific computing has been the learning of non-linear operators. In this framework, a neural network is trained to fit a non-linear map between two infinite dimensional spaces, for example,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shao-Ting Chiu , Aditya Nambiar , Ali Syed , Jonathan W. Siegel , Ulisses Braga-Neto

Nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are powerful tools for modeling real-world dynamical systems. However, propagating initial state uncertainty through nonlinear dynamics, especially when the ODE is unknown and learned from…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Peter Amorese , Morteza Lahijanian

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are widely used to model complex dynamics that arises in biology, chemistry, engineering, finance, physics, etc. Calibration of a complicated ODE system using noisy data is generally very difficult. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-20 Kexuan Li , Fangfang Wang , Ruiqi Liu , Fan Yang , Zuofeng Shang

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) have been proposed as a continuous depth generalization to popular deep learning models such as Residual networks (ResNets). They provide parameter efficiency and automate the model selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Srinivas Anumasa , P. K. Srijith

Not only are Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) black box models, but also we frequently conceptualize them as such. We lack good interpretations of the mechanisms linking inputs to outputs. Therefore, we find it difficult to analyze in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Christopher Snyder , Sriram Vishwanath

Understanding how the dynamics in biological and artificial neural networks implement the computations required for a task is a salient open question in machine learning and neuroscience. In particular, computations requiring complex memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Timothy Doyeon Kim , Tankut Can , Kamesh Krishnamurthy

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) describe dynamical systems evolving deterministically in continuous time. Accurate data-driven modeling of systems as ODEs, a central problem across the natural sciences, remains challenging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Maximilian Mauel , Manuel Hinz , Patrick Seifner , David Berghaus , Ramses J. Sanchez

The feasibility of deep neural networks (DNNs) to address data stream problems still requires intensive study because of the static and offline nature of conventional deep learning approaches. A deep continual learning algorithm, namely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Andri Ashfahani , Mahardhika Pratama

Deep learning has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance for a variety of challenging computer vision tasks. On one hand, this has enabled deep visual models to pave the way for a plethora of critical applications like disease…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Mohammad A. A. K. Jalwana , Naveed Akhtar , Mohammed Bennamoun , Ajmal Mian

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs), one of the most influential works of the differential equation-based deep learning, are to continuously generalize residual networks and opened a new field. They are currently utilized for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Woojin Cho , Seunghyeon Cho , Hyundong Jin , Jinsung Jeon , Kookjin Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Dongeun Lee , Jonghyun Choi , Noseong Park

Deep learning has been proposed as an efficient alternative for the numerical approximation of PDE solutions, offering fast, iterative simulation of PDEs through the approximation of solution operators. However, deep learning solutions have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Sean Current , Chandan Kumar , Datta Gaitonde , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) are fundamental for modeling stochastic dynamics across the natural sciences and modern machine learning. Learning their solution operators with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Dai Shi , Lequan Lin , Andi Han , Luke Thompson , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Zhiyong Wang , Junbin Gao

Implicit equilibrium models, i.e., deep neural networks (DNNs) defined by implicit equations, have been becoming more and more attractive recently. In this paper, we investigate an emerging question: can an implicit equilibrium model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Xingyu Xie , Qiuhao Wang , Zenan Ling , Xia Li , Yisen Wang , Guangcan Liu , Zhouchen Lin