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The vulnerability of deep neural networks to small and even imperceptible perturbations has become a central topic in deep learning research. Although several sophisticated defense mechanisms have been introduced, most were later shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Leo Schwinn , An Nguyen , René Raab , Dario Zanca , Bjoern Eskofier , Daniel Tenbrinck , Martin Burger

Zeroth-order optimization is an important research topic in machine learning. In recent years, it has become a key tool in black-box adversarial attack to neural network based image classifiers. However, existing zeroth-order optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-21 Haishan Ye , Zhichao Huang , Cong Fang , Chris Junchi Li , Tong Zhang

Robust machine learning is currently one of the most prominent topics which could potentially help shaping a future of advanced AI platforms that not only perform well in average cases but also in worst cases or adverse situations. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Pu Zhao , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Nghia Hoang , Kaidi Xu , Bhavya Kailkhura , Xue Lin

Current black-box adversarial attacks either require multiple queries or diffusion models to produce adversarial samples that can impair the target model performance. However, these methods require training a surrogate loss or diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Joana C. Costa , Tiago Roxo , Hugo Proença , Pedro R. M. Inácio

The lack of adversarial robustness has been recognized as an important issue for state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) models, e.g., deep neural networks (DNNs). Thereby, robustifying ML models against adversarial attacks is now a major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yimeng Zhang , Yuguang Yao , Jinghan Jia , Jinfeng Yi , Mingyi Hong , Shiyu Chang , Sijia Liu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used today, but they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To develop effective methods of defense, it is important to understand the potential weak spots of DNNs. Often attacks are organized taking…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Andrei Chertkov , Ivan Oseledets

Adversarial attacks have been extensively studied in recent years since they can identify the vulnerability of deep learning models before deployed. In this paper, we consider the black-box adversarial setting, where the adversary needs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yinpeng Dong , Shuyu Cheng , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Deep neural networks provide unprecedented performance in all image classification problems, taking advantage of huge amounts of data available for training. Recent studies, however, have shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Diego Gragnaniello , Francesco Marra , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva

In the last decade, deep neural networks have proven to be very powerful in computer vision tasks, starting a revolution in the computer vision and machine learning fields. However, deep neural networks, usually, are not robust to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Hao Qiu , Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are being used in various daily tasks such as object detection, speech processing, and machine translation. However, it is known that DNNs suffer from robustness problems -- perturbed inputs called adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Junyu Lin , Lei Xu , Yingqi Liu , Xiangyu Zhang

Decision-based methods have shown to be effective in black-box adversarial attacks, as they can obtain satisfactory performance and only require to access the final model prediction. Gradient estimation is a critical step in black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Han Liu , Xingshuo Huang , Xiaotong Zhang , Qimai Li , Fenglong Ma , Wei Wang , Hongyang Chen , Hong Yu , Xianchao Zhang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are inherently susceptible to adversarial attacks even under black-box settings, in which the adversary only has query access to the target models. In practice, while it may be possible to effectively detect such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Ren Pang , Xinyang Zhang , Shouling Ji , Xiapu Luo , Ting Wang

We present a new method for black-box adversarial attack. Unlike previous methods that combined transfer-based and scored-based methods by using the gradient or initialization of a surrogate white-box model, this new method tries to learn a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Zhichao Huang , Tong Zhang

Adversarial attacks on deep learning models have received increased attention in recent years. Work in this area has mostly focused on gradient-based techniques, so-called 'white-box' attacks, where the attacker has access to the targeted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Raz Lapid , Eylon Mizrahi , Moshe Sipper

We focus on the problem of adversarial attacks against models on discrete sequential data in the black-box setting where the attacker aims to craft adversarial examples with limited query access to the victim model. Existing black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Deokjae Lee , Seungyong Moon , Junhyeok Lee , Hyun Oh Song

Certified defense methods against adversarial perturbations have been recently investigated in the black-box setting with a zeroth-order (ZO) perspective. However, these methods suffer from high model variance with low performance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Astha Verma , A V Subramanyam , Siddhesh Bangar , Naman Lal , Rajiv Ratn Shah , Shin'ichi Satoh

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known for their vulnerability to adversarial examples. These are examples that have undergone small, carefully crafted perturbations, and which can easily fool a DNN into making misclassifications at test…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Linxi Jiang , Xingjun Ma , Shaoxiang Chen , James Bailey , Yu-Gang Jiang

Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifiers are vulnerable to adversarial attack, where an imperceptible perturbation could result in misclassification. However, the vulnerability of DNN-based image ranking systems remains under-explored. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Mo Zhou , Zhenxing Niu , Le Wang , Qilin Zhang , Gang Hua

Differentially private zeroth-order optimization methods have recently gained popularity in private fine tuning of machine learning models due to their reduced memory requirements. Current approaches for privatizing zeroth-order methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Devansh Gupta , Meisam Razaviyayn , Vatsal Sharan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many tasks but have shown extreme vulnerabilities to attacks generated by adversarial examples. Many works go with a white-box attack that assumes total access to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Phoenix Williams , Ke Li