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The best beam steering directions are estimated through beam training, which is one of the most important and challenging tasks in millimeter-wave and sub-terahertz communications. Novel array architectures and signal processing techniques…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-20 Veljko Boljanovic , Han Yan , Chung-Ching Lin , Soumen Mohapatra , Deukhyoun Heo , Subhanshu Gupta , Danijela Cabric

Millimeter-wave communications rely on beamforming gain from both transmitters and receivers to compensate for severe propagation loss. To achieve adequate gain, beam training is required to identify propagation directions. The main…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-06 Han Yan , Veljko Boljanovic , Danijela Cabric

Ultra-reliable and low-latency connectivity is required for real-time and latency-sensitive applications, like wireless augmented and virtual reality streaming. Millimeter-wave (mmW) networks have enabled extremely high data rates through…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Benjamin W. Domae , Ibrahim Pehlivan , Danijela Cabric

In this letter, we study an efficient multi-beam training method for multiuser millimeter-wave communication systems. Unlike the conventional single-beam training method that relies on exhaustive search, multi-beam training design faces a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Weijia Wang , Changsheng You , Xiaodan Shao , Rui Zhang

The decadal research in integrated true-time-delay arrays have seen organic growth enabling realization of wideband beamformers for large arrays with wide aperture widths. This article introduces highly reconfigurable delay elements…

Spatial signal processors (SSP) for emerging millimeter-wave wireless networks are critically dependent on link discovery. To avoid loss in communication, mobile devices need to locate narrow directional beams with millisecond latency. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-03 Chung-Ching Lin , Chase Puglisi , Veljko Boljanovic , Soumen Mohapatra , Han Yan , Erfan Ghaderi , Deukhyoun Heo , Danijela Cabric , Subhanshu Gupta

Wideband millimeter-wave and terahertz (THz) systems can facilitate simultaneous data communication with multiple spatially separated users. It is desirable to orthogonalize users across sub-bands by deploying frequency-dependent beams with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-17 Aditya Wadaskar , Ding Zhao , Ibrahim Pehlivan , Danijela Cabric

In this paper, we study efficient multi-beam training design for near-field communications to reduce the beam training overhead of conventional single-beam training methods. In particular, the array-division based multi-beam training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-24 Cong Zhou , Changsheng You , Zixuan Huang , Shuo Shi , Yi Gong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Kaibin Huang

Initial access in millimeter-wave (mmW) wireless is critical toward successful realization of the fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks and beyond. Limited bandwidth in existing standards and use of phase-shifters in analog/hybrid…

Recently, true-time-delay (TTD) arrays, also referred to as joint phase-time arrays (JPTA), have been investigated for low-cost frequency-dependent beamforming capabilities to enable various applications, including beam-squint correction,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Ibrahim Pehlivan , Danijela Cabric

In wideband sub-Terahertz (sub-THz) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, the beam squint effect manifests as a substantial degradation in array gain. To mitigate the aforementioned beam squint effect, a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Dang Qua Nguyen , Taejoon Kim

Phase-time arrays, which integrate phase shifters (PSs) and true-time delays (TTDs), have emerged as a cost-effective architecture for generating frequency-dependent rainbow beams in wideband sensing and localization. This paper proposes an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yeyue Cai , Jianhua Mo , Meixia Tao

In future 6G communication systems, large-scale antenna arrays promise enhanced signal strength and spatial resolution, but they also increase the complexity of beam training. Moreover, as antenna counts grow and carrier wavelengths shrink,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ran Li , Ziyi Xu , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Although Terahertz communication systems can provide high data rates, it needs high directional beamforming at transmitters and receivers to achieve such rates over a long distance. Therefore, an efficient beam training method is vital to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Songjie Yang , Zhongpei Zhang , Zhenzhen Hu , Nuan Song , Hao Liu

Microwave phased array antennas (PAAs) are very attractive to defense applications and high-speed wireless communications for their abilities of fast beam scanning and complex beam pattern control. However, traditional PAAs based on phase…

Employing large antenna arrays and utilizing large bandwidth have the potential of bringing very high data rates to future wireless communication systems. However, this brings the system into the near-field regime and also makes the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Yu Zhang , Ahmed Alkhateeb

In this paper, we propose an efficient beam training technique for millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications. When some mobile users are under high mobility, the beam training should be performed frequently to ensure the accurate acquisition…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Sun Hong Lim , Jisu Bae , Sunwoo Kim , Byonghyo Shim , Jun Won Choi

Huge overhead of beam training imposes a significant challenge in millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communications. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a wide beam based training approach to calibrate the narrow beam direction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-21 Ke Ma , Dongxuan He , Hancun Sun , Zhaocheng Wang , Sheng Chen

Extremely large antenna arrays (ELAAs) can provide higher spectral efficiency. However, the use of narrower beams for data transmission significantly increases the overhead associated with beam training. In this letter, we propose a novel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-04 Hongkang Yu , Yuan Si , Shujuan Zhang , Yijian Chen

In millimeter wave communications, beam training is an effective way to achieve beam alignment. Traditional beam training method allocates training resources equally to each beam in the pre-designed beam training codebook. The performance…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Zihan Tang , Jun Wang , Jintao Wang , Jian Song
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