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The k-means objective is arguably the most widely-used cost function for modeling clustering tasks in a metric space. In practice and historically, k-means is thought of in a continuous setting, namely where the centers can be located…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Karthik C. S. , Euiwoong Lee

The most well known and ubiquitous clustering problem encountered in nearly every branch of science is undoubtedly $k$-means: given a set of data points and a parameter $k$, select $k$ centres and partition the data points into $k$ clusters…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Zachary Friggstad , Mohsen Rezapour , Mohammad R. Salavatipour

The classical center based clustering problems such as $k$-means/median/center assume that the optimal clusters satisfy the locality property that the points in the same cluster are close to each other. A number of clustering problems arise…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-13 Anup Bhattacharya , Ragesh Jaiswal , Amit Kumar

The $k$-$\mathtt{means}$++ seeding algorithm (Arthur & Vassilvitskii, 2007) is widely used in practice for the $k$-means clustering problem where the goal is to cluster a dataset $\mathcal{X} \subset \mathbb{R} ^d$ into $k$ clusters. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Poojan Shah , Shashwat Agrawal , Ragesh Jaiswal

$k$-means clustering is NP-hard in the worst case but previous work has shown efficient algorithms assuming the optimal $k$-means clusters are \emph{stable} under additive or multiplicative perturbation of data. This has two caveats. First,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Amit Deshpande , Anand Louis , Apoorv Vikram Singh

Efficient algorithms for $k$-means clustering frequently converge to suboptimal partitions, and given a partition, it is difficult to detect $k$-means optimality. In this paper, we develop an a posteriori certifier of approximate optimality…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-04 Dustin G. Mixon , Soledad Villar

We give a quantum approximation scheme (i.e., $(1 + \varepsilon)$-approximation for every $\varepsilon > 0$) for the classical $k$-means clustering problem in the QRAM model with a running time that has only polylogarithmic dependence on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Ragesh Jaiswal

We present a new clustering algorithm called k-means-u* which in many cases is able to significantly improve the clusterings found by k-means++, the current de-facto standard for clustering in Euclidean spaces. First we introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Bernd Fritzke

$k$-means++ is an important algorithm for choosing initial cluster centers for the $k$-means clustering algorithm. In this work, we present a new algorithm that can solve the $k$-means++ problem with nearly optimal running time. Given $n$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Jiehao Liang , Somdeb Sarkhel , Zhao Song , Chenbo Yin , Junze Yin , Danyang Zhuo

We design a new algorithm for the Euclidean $k$-means problem that operates in the local model of differential privacy. Unlike in the non-private literature, differentially private algorithms for the $k$-means objective incur both additive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Uri Stemmer

We provide an approximation algorithm for k-means clustering in the one-round (aka non-interactive) local model of differential privacy (DP). This algorithm achieves an approximation ratio arbitrarily close to the best non private…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Alisa Chang , Badih Ghazi , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi

The $k$-median and $k$-means clustering objectives are classic objectives for modeling clustering in a metric space. Given a set of points in a metric space, the goal of the $k$-median (resp. $k$-means) problem is to find $k$ representative…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Karthik C. S. , David Saulpic , Chris Schwiegelshohn

We study the complexity of the classic capacitated k-median and k-means problems parameterized by the number of centers, k. These problems are notoriously difficult since the best known approximation bound for high dimensional Euclidean…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Jason Li

We consider the Euclidean $k$-means clustering problem in a dynamic setting, where we have to explicitly maintain a solution (a set of $k$ centers) $S \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ subject to point insertions/deletions in $\mathbb{R}^d$. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sayan Bhattacharya , Martín Costa , Ermiya Farokhnejad , Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang , Yaonan Jin , Jianing Lou

This article briefly introduced Arthur and Vassilvitshii's work on \textbf{k-means++} algorithm and further generalized the center initialization process. It is found that choosing the most distant sample point from the nearest center as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Yiwei Li

We analyze online and mini-batch k-means variants. Both scale up the widely used Lloyd 's algorithm via stochastic approximation, and have become popular for large-scale clustering and unsupervised feature learning. We show, for the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Cheng Tang , Claire Monteleoni

Clustering plays a crucial role in computer science, facilitating data analysis and problem-solving across numerous fields. By partitioning large datasets into meaningful groups, clustering reveals hidden structures and relationships within…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Aryan Esmailpour , Stavros Sintos

Clustering is a long-standing research problem and a fundamental tool in AI and data analysis. The traditional k-center problem, a fundamental theoretical challenge in clustering, has a best possible approximation ratio of 2, and any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Chaoqi Jia , Longkun Guo , Kewen Liao , Zhigang Lu , Chao Chen , Jason Xue

Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised learning, and has been studied widely both as a problem of learning mixture models and as an optimization problem. In this paper, we study clustering with respect the emph{k-median}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Ramgopal Mettu , Greg Plaxton

We study the consistent k-center clustering problem. In this problem, the goal is to maintain a constant factor approximate $k$-center solution during a sequence of $n$ point insertions and deletions while minimizing the recourse, i.e., the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Jakub Łącki , Bernhard Haeupler , Christoph Grunau , Václav Rozhoň , Rajesh Jayaram