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Scalability is a crucial requirement for modern large-scale systems, enabling elasticity and ensuring responsiveness under varying load. While cloud systems have achieved scalable architectures, blockchain systems remain constrained by the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Quentin Kniep , Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias , Alberto Sonnino , Igor Zablotchi , Nuda Zhang

Multi-party business processes are based on the cooperation of different actors in a distributed setting. Blockchains can provide support for the automation of such processes, even in conditions of partial trust among the participants.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Edoardo Marangone , Claudio Di Ciccio , Ingo Weber

The rapid evolution of blockchain technology has brought together stakeholders from fundamentally different backgrounds. The result is a diverse ecosystem, as exemplified by the development of a wide range of different blockchain protocols.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Stefanos Leonardos , Daniel Reijsbergen , Georgios Piliouras

Blockchain validators can reduce block processing time by exploiting multi-core CPUs, but deterministic execution must preserve a given total order while respecting transaction conflicts and per-block runtime limits. This paper…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Arivarasan Karmegam , Lucianna Kiffer , Antonio Fernández Anta

Existing blockchain sharding protocols have focused on eliminating imbalanced workload distributions. However, even with workload balance, disparities in processing capabilities can lead to differential stress among shards, resulting in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Xinpeng Huang , Wanqing Jie , Shiwen Zhang , Haofu Yang , Wangjie Qiu , Qinnan Zhang , Huawei Huang , Zehui Xiong , Shaoting Tang , Hongwei Zheng , Zhiming Zheng

The successive generations of consensus algorithms have progressively shifted the performance bottleneck of blockchains to the execution layer. While recent works address this by parallelizing transaction execution, they often overlook the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Artjom Pugatsov , Can Umut Ileri , Jérémie Decouchant

Bitcoin rise has put blockchain technology into the mainstream, amplifying its potential and broad utility. While Bitcoin has become incredibly famous, its transaction rate has not match such a corresponding increase. It still takes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Han Song , Zhongche Qu , Yihao Wei

This paper investigates how pricing schemes can achieve efficient allocations in blockchain systems featuring multiple transaction queues under a global capacity constraint. I model a capacity-constrained blockchain where users submit…

General Economics · Economics 2025-02-26 Abdoulaye Ndiaye

In the context of blockchain systems, the importance of decentralization is undermined by the lack of a widely accepted methodology to measure it. To address this gap, we set out a systematization effort targeting the decentralization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Christina Ovezik , Dimitris Karakostas , Mary Milad , Aggelos Kiayias , Daniel W. Woods

Flow-matching models provide a powerful framework for various applications, offering efficient sampling and flexible probability path modeling. These models are characterized by flows with low curvature in learned generative trajectories,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zibin Wang , Zhiyuan Ouyang , Xiangyun Zhang

Trust models are essential components of networks of any nature, as they refer to confidence frameworks to evaluate and verify if their participants act reliably and fairly. They are necessary to any social, organizational, or computer…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Angelo Vera-Rivera , Ekram Hossain

A blockchain is a database of sequential events that is maintained by a distributed group of nodes. A key consensus problem in blockchains is that of determining the next block (data element) in the sequence. Many blockchains address this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Giulia Fanti , Jiantao Jiao , Ashok Makkuva , Sewoong Oh , Ranvir Rana , Pramod Viswanath

Blockchain technologies are gaining massive momentum in the last few years. Blockchains are distributed ledgers that enable parties who do not fully trust each other to maintain a set of global states. The parties agree on the existence,…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Tien Tuan Anh Dinh , Rui Liu , Meihui Zhang , Gang Chen , Beng Chin Ooi , Ji Wang

In recent years, the advancement in modern technologies has experienced an explosion of huge data sets being captured and recorded in different fields, but also given rise to concerns the security and protection of data storage,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Uchi Ugobame Uchibeke , Sara Hosseinzadeh Kassani , Kevin A. Schneider , Ralph Deters

Edge computing is a distributed computing paradigm that relies on computational resources of end devices in a network to bring benefits such as low bandwidth utilization, responsiveness, scalability and privacy preservation. Applications…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Aleksandar Tošić , Jernej Vičič , Michael Mrissa

Ensuring the correctness of distributed system implementations remains a challenging and largely unaddressed problem. In this paper we present a protocol that can be used to certify the safety of consensus implementations. Our proposed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Aurojit Panda

Blockchains are among the most powerful technologies to realize decentralized information systems. In order to safely enjoy all guarantees provided by a blockchain, one should maintain a full node, therefore maintaining an updated local…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Stefano De Angelis , Ivan Visconti , Andrea Vitaletti , Marco Zecchini

Permissionless blockchains such as Bitcoin have long been criticized for their high computational and storage overhead. Unfortunately, while a number of proposals address the energy consumption of existing Proof-of-Work deployments, little…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Alessandro Sforzin , Matteo Maso , Claudio Soriente , Ghassan Karame

There is a resurgence of interest in Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) systems due to blockchains. However, leader-based BFT consensus protocols used by permissioned blockchains have limited scalability and robustness. To alleviate the leader…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Fangyu Gai , Jianyu Niu , Ivan Beschastnikh , Chen Feng , Sheng Wang

Blockchains add transactions to a distributed shared ledger by arriving at consensus on sets of transactions contained in blocks. This provides a total ordering on a set of global transactions. However, total ordering is not enough to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Anshuman Misra , Ajay D. Kshemkalyani