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Maximizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is a standard approach to imbalanced classification. So far, various supervised AUC optimization methods have been developed and they are also extended to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-12 Tomoya Sakai , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Several efforts have been done to bring ROC analysis beyond (binary) classification, especially in regression. However, the mapping and possibilities of these proposals do not correspond to what we expect from the analysis of operating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-17 Jose Hernandez-Orallo

Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are plots of true positive rate versus false positive rate which are used to evaluate binary classification algorithms. Because the Area Under the Curve (AUC) is a constant function of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Kyle R. Rust , Toby D. Hocking

Weakly supervised learning aims to empower machine learning when the perfect supervision is unavailable, which has drawn great attention from researchers. Among various types of weak supervision, one of the most challenging cases is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Zheng Xie , Yu Liu , Ming Li

In machine learning (ML), a widespread claim is that the area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) is a superior metric for model comparison to the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) for tasks with class imbalance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Matthew B. A. McDermott , Haoran Zhang , Lasse Hyldig Hansen , Giovanni Angelotti , Jack Gallifant

Adequate evaluation of an information retrieval system to estimate future performance is a crucial task. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) is widely used to evaluate the generalization of a retrieval system. However, the objective function…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Sean J. Welleck

Optimization metrics are crucial for building recommendation systems at scale. However, an effective and efficient metric for practical use remains elusive. While Top-K ranking metrics are the gold standard for optimization, they suffer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Wentao Shi , Chenxu Wang , Fuli Feng , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Junkang Wu , Xiangnan He

In contemporary data analysis, it is increasingly common to work with non-stationary complex data sets. These data sets typically extend beyond the classical low-dimensional Euclidean space, making it challenging to detect shifts in their…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Rohit Kanrar , Feiyu Jiang , Zhanrui Cai

The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is the standard measure of a biomarker's discriminatory accuracy; however, naive AUC estimates can be misleading when validation cohorts differ from the intended target population. Such covariate shifts…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-20 Jiajun Liu , Guangcai Mao , Xiaofei Wang

It is well-known that deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Existing studies of adversarial training have made great progress against this challenge. As a typical trait, they often assume that the class distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Wenzheng Hou , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Yuan He , Qingming Huang

Recent work has shown that standard training via empirical risk minimization (ERM) can produce models that achieve high accuracy on average but low accuracy on underrepresented groups due to the prevalence of spurious features. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Yachuan Liu , Bohan Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei , Paramveer Dhillon

Robustness in AI systems refers to their ability to maintain reliable and accurate performance under various conditions, including out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, adversarial attacks, and environmental changes. This is crucial in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Wissam Salhab , Darine Ameyed , Hamid Mcheick , Fehmi Jaafar

In this paper, we aim to develop stochastic hard thresholding algorithms for the important problem of AUC maximization in imbalanced classification. The main challenge is the pairwise loss involved in AUC maximization. We overcome this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Zhenhuan Yang , Baojian Zhou , Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying

We consider the task of optimizing treatment assignment based on individual treatment effect prediction. This task is found in many applications such as personalized medicine or targeted advertising and has gained a surge of interest in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Artem Betlei , Eustache Diemert , Massih-Reza Amini

Logistic regression models are widely used in the social and behavioral sciences and in high-stakes domains, due to their simplicity and interpretability properties. At the same time, such domains are permeated by distribution shifts, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Qingshi Sun , Nathan Justin , Andres Gomez , Phebe Vayanos

Stochastic AUC maximization has garnered an increasing interest due to better fit to imbalanced data classification. However, existing works are limited to stochastic AUC maximization with a linear predictive model, which restricts its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Mingrui Liu , Zhuoning Yuan , Yiming Ying , Tianbao Yang

Data-driven Distributionally Robust Optimization (DD-DRO) via optimal transport has been shown to encompass a wide range of popular machine learning algorithms. The distributional uncertainty size is often shown to correspond to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-12 Jose Blanchet , Yang Kang , Fan Zhang , Fei He , Zhangyi Hu

We present a Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) approach to estimate a robustified regression plane in a linear regression setting, when the observed samples are potentially contaminated with adversarially corrupted outliers. Our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-14 Ruidi Chen , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

Regularization is a central tool for addressing ill-posedness in inverse problems and statistical estimation, with the choice of a suitable penalty often determining the reliability and interpretability of downstream solutions. While recent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Oscar Leong , Eliza O'Reilly , Yong Sheng Soh

The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) serves as a summary of a binary classifier's performance. Methods for estimating the AUC have been developed under a binormality assumption which restricts the distribution of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-28 Zhe Wang , Ryan Martin