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Optically induced demagnetization of 3d metallic ferromagnets proceeds as fast as ~100 fs and is a crucial prerequisite for spintronic applications, such as ultrafast magnetization switching and spin transport. On the 100 fs time scale, the…
Magneto-terahertz phenomena are the main focus of the thesis. This work started as supporting research for the science of an X-ray laser (SwissFEL). X-ray lasers have recently drawn great attention as an unprecedented tool for scientific…
We propose to excite a large number of coherent magnons with high momentum in optical cavities. This is achieved by two counterpropagating optical modes that are detuned by the frequency of a selected magnon, similar to stimulated Raman…
To enhance the efficiency of next-generation ferroelectric (FE) electronic devices, new techniques for controlling ferroelectric polarization switching are required. While most prior studies have attempted to induce polarization switching…
Excitation, detection and control of coherent THz magnetic excitation in antiferromagnets are challenging problems that can be addressed using ever shorter laser pulses. We study experimentally excitation of magnetic dynamics at THz…
We theoretically investigate laser-induced spin transport in metallic magnetic heterostructures using an effective spin transport description that treats itinerant electrons and thermal magnons on an equal footing. Electron-magnon…
In spin-based electronics, information is encoded by the spin state of electron bunches. Processing this information requires the controlled transport of spin angular momentum through a solid, preferably at frequencies reaching the so far…
Terahertz spin waves could be generated on-demand via all-optical manipulation of magnetization by femtosecond laser pulse. Here, we present an energy balance model, which explains the energy transfer rates from laser pulse to electron bath…
Understanding spin dynamics on femto- and picosecond timescales offers new opportunities for faster and more efficient spintronic devices. Here, we experimentally investigate the coherent spin dynamics after ultrashort laser excitation by…
We theoretically investigate the generation of ultrafast currents in insulators induced by strong few-cycle laser pulses. Ab initio simulations based on time-dependent density functional theory give insight into the atomic-scale properties…
Strong circularly polarized excitation opens up the possibility to generate and control effective magnetic fields in solid state systems, e.g., via the optical inverse Faraday effect or the phonon inverse Faraday effect. While these effects…
The nanoscale mode volumes of surface plasmon polaritons have enabled plasmonic lasers and condensates with ultrafast operation. Most plasmonic lasers are based on noble metals, rendering the optical mode structure inert to external fields.…
We study gadolinium thin films as a model system for ferromagnets with negative thermal expansion. Ultrashort laser pulses heat up the electronic subsystem and we follow the transient strain via ultrafast X-ray diffraction. In terms of a…
Laser pulses are known to induce symmetric demagnetization: equal loss of magnetic moments in the identical sublattices of antiferromagnets and ferromagnets at ultrashort timescales. Using time-dependent density functional theory, we show…
A quantitative understanding of the processes that trigger light-induced demagnetization on ultrashort timescales is crucial for achieving an ultrafast, radiation-controlled magnetic response in materials. This milestone is essential for…
One route to the control of quantum magnetism at ultrafast timescales is magnetophononics, the modulation of magnetic interactions by coherently driven lattice excitations. Theoretical studies of a gapped quantum magnet subject to…
The ability of an intense laser pulse to propagate in a classically over-critical plasma through the phenomenon of relativistic transparency is shown to facilitate the generation of strong plasma magnetic fields. Particle-in-cell…
We present a theoretical investigation of the yet unexplored ultrafast processes and dynamics of the produced excited carriers upon irradiation of Silicon with femtosecond pulsed lasers in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral region. The…
Femtosecond laser-induced alloying presents a novel approach to modifying bimetallic systems. Visualizing ultrafast processes during laser-induced alloying is essential to uncover fundamental mechanisms associated with phase…
We investigate generation of exchange magnons by ultrashort, picosecond acoustic pulses propagating through ferromagnetic thin films. Using the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations we derive the dispersion relation for exchange magnons for an…