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Normalizing flows have shown great promise for modelling flexible probability distributions in a computationally tractable way. However, whilst data is often naturally described on Riemannian manifolds such as spheres, torii, and hyperbolic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-10 Emile Mathieu , Maximilian Nickel

Following [21, 23], the present work investigates a new relative entropy-regularized algorithm for solving the optimal transport on a graph problem within the randomized shortest paths formalism. More precisely, a unit flow is injected into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Sylvain Courtain , Guillaume Guex , Ilkka Kivimaki , Marco Saerens

While normalizing flows have led to significant advances in modeling high-dimensional continuous distributions, their applicability to discrete distributions remains unknown. In this paper, we show that flows can in fact be extended to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Dustin Tran , Keyon Vafa , Kumar Krishna Agrawal , Laurent Dinh , Ben Poole

With the discovery of Wasserstein GANs, Optimal Transport (OT) has become a powerful tool for large-scale generative modeling tasks. In these tasks, OT cost is typically used as the loss for training GANs. In contrast to this approach, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Litu Rout , Alexander Korotin , Evgeny Burnaev

A normalizing flow models a complex probability density as an invertible transformation of a simple base density. Flows based on either coupling or autoregressive transforms both offer exact density evaluation and sampling, but rely on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-03 Conor Durkan , Artur Bekasov , Iain Murray , George Papamakarios

Recently, several methods have leveraged deep generative modeling to produce example-based explanations of image classifiers. Despite producing visually stunning results, these methods are largely disconnected from classical explainability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Philipp Vaeth , Alexander M. Fruehwald , Benjamin Paassen , Magda Gregorova

Generative flows are attractive because they admit exact likelihood optimization and efficient image synthesis. Recently, Kingma & Dhariwal (2018) demonstrated with Glow that generative flows are capable of generating high quality images.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Emiel Hoogeboom , Rianne van den Berg , Max Welling

Continuous diffusion and flow matching models could represent a powerful alternative to autoregressive approaches for language modelling (LM), as they unlock a host of advantages currently reserved for continuous modalities, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Oscar Davis , Anastasiia Filippova , Pierre Ablin , Victor Turrisi , Amitis Shidani , Marco Cuturi , Louis Béthune

This paper introduces a unified theoretical perspective that views deep generative models as probability transformation functions. Despite the apparent differences in architecture and training methodologies among various types of generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Vitalii Bondar , Vira Babenko , Roman Trembovetskyi , Yurii Korobeinyk , Viktoriya Dzyuba

We present a deep generative model, named Monge-Amp\`ere flow, which builds on continuous-time gradient flow arising from the Monge-Amp\`ere equation in optimal transport theory. The generative map from the latent space to the data space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Linfeng Zhang , Weinan E , Lei Wang

This notebook tutorial demonstrates a method for sampling Boltzmann distributions of lattice field theories using a class of machine learning models known as normalizing flows. The ideas and approaches proposed in arXiv:1904.12072,…

Modern continuous-time generative models typically induce \emph{V-shaped} flows: each sample travels independently along a nearly straight trajectory from the prior to the data. Although effective, this independent movement overlooks the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Arip Asadulaev , Semyon Semenov , Abduragim Shtanchaev , Eric Moulines , Fakhri Karray , Martin Takac

Normalizing Flows (NFs) are flexible explicit generative models that have been shown to accurately model complex real-world data distributions. However, their invertibility constraint imposes limitations on data distributions that reside on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Janis Postels , Martin Danelljan , Luc Van Gool , Federico Tombari

We present a combinatorial algorithm for computing exact maximum flows in directed graphs with $n$ vertices and edge capacities from $\{1,\dots,U\}$ in $n^{2+o(1)}\log U$ time, which is almost optimal in dense graphs. Our algorithm is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Aaron Bernstein , Joakim Blikstad , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Ta-Wei Tu

This paper introduces Tensor Gauge Flow Models, a new class of Generative Flow Models that generalize Gauge Flow Models and Higher Gauge Flow Models by incorporating higher-order Tensor Gauge Fields into the Flow Equation. This extension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Alexander Strunk , Roland Assam

Despite Flow Matching and diffusion models having emerged as powerful generative paradigms for continuous variables such as images and videos, their application to high-dimensional discrete data, such as language, is still limited. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Itai Gat , Tal Remez , Neta Shaul , Felix Kreuk , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Gabriel Synnaeve , Yossi Adi , Yaron Lipman

Flow matching and diffusion bridge models have emerged as leading paradigms in generative speech enhancement, modeling stochastic processes between paired noisy and clean speech signals based on principles such as flow matching, score…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Dahan Wang , Jun Gao , Tong Lei , Yuxiang Hu , Changbao Zhu , Kai Chen , Jing Lu

We propose a framework for speeding up maximum flow computation by using predictions. A prediction is a flow, i.e., an assignment of non-negative flow values to edges, which satisfies the flow conservation property, but does not necessarily…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Adam Polak , Maksym Zub

The large data rates at the LHC require an online trigger system to select relevant collisions. Rather than compressing individual events, we propose to compress an entire data set at once. We use a normalizing flow as a deep generative…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-12 Anja Butter , Sascha Diefenbacher , Gregor Kasieczka , Benjamin Nachman , Tilman Plehn , David Shih , Ramon Winterhalder

Score-based generative models have emerged as a powerful approach for sampling high-dimensional probability distributions. Despite their effectiveness, their theoretical underpinnings remain relatively underdeveloped. In this work, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Jiaoyang Huang , Zhengjiang Lin