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Related papers: Towards an Appropriate Query, Key, and Value Compu…

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Self-attention has recently been adopted for a wide range of sequence modeling problems. Despite its effectiveness, self-attention suffers from quadratic compute and memory requirements with respect to sequence length. Successful approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Aurko Roy , Mohammad Saffar , Ashish Vaswani , David Grangier

Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to trace changes in students' knowledge states throughout their entire learning process by analyzing their historical learning data and predicting their future learning performance. Existing forgetting curve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Shanshan Wang , Ying Hu , Xun Yang , Zhongzhou Zhang , Keyang Wang , Xingyi Zhang

Attention is fundamental to cognition, yet it remains a challenge to understand attention in tasks approaching real-world complexity. Here, we approached this problem by modeling gaze patterns of monkeys playing Pac-Man. We first show a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-12 Zhongqiao Lin , Yunwei Li , Tianming Yang

Scaled dot-product attention applies a softmax function on the scaled dot-product of queries and keys to calculate weights and then multiplies the weights and values. In this work, we study how to improve the learning of scaled dot-product…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Kaikai Zhao , Norimichi Ukita

Temporal convolutions have been the paradigm of choice in action segmentation, which enhances long-term receptive fields by increasing convolution layers. However, high layers cause the loss of local information necessary for frame…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Jiahui Wang , Zhenyou Wang , Shanna Zhuang , Hui Wang

Knowledge Tracing is the process of tracking mastery level of different skills of students for a given learning domain. It is one of the key components for building adaptive learning systems and has been investigated for decades. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Xinyi Ding , Tao Han , Yili Fang , Eric Larson

Knowledge tracing (KT) aims to monitor students' evolving knowledge states through their learning interactions with concept-related questions, and can be indirectly evaluated by predicting how students will perform on future questions. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Chaoran Cui , Hebo Ma , Chen Zhang , Chunyun Zhang , Yumo Yao , Meng Chen , Yuling Ma

Modern systems for automatic speech recognition, including the RNN-Transducer and Attention-based Encoder-Decoder (AED), are designed so that the encoder is not required to alter the time-position of information from the audio sequence into…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Adam Stooke , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Khe Chai Sim , Pedro Moreno Mengibar

Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to model a student's learning trajectory and predict performance on the next question. A key challenge is how to better represent the relationships among students, questions, and knowledge concepts (KCs).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Chi Yu , Hongyu Yuan , Zhiyi Duan

Unsupervised style transfer models are mainly based on an inductive learning approach, which represents the style as embeddings, decoder parameters, or discriminator parameters and directly applies these general rules to the test cases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Fei Xiao , Liang Pang , Yanyan Lan , Yan Wang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Knowledge tracing (KT) aims to assess individuals' evolving knowledge states according to their learning interactions with different exercises in online learning systems (OIS), which is critical in supporting decision-making for subsequent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Shuanghong Shen , Enhong Chen , Bihan Xu , Qi Liu , Zhenya Huang , Linbo Zhu , Yu Su

This paper investigates automatic piano transcription based on computationally-efficient yet high-performant variants of the Transformer that can capture longer-term dependency over the whole musical piece. Recently, transformer-based…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Weixing Wei , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

In human neuroscience, machine learning can help reveal lower-dimensional neural representations relevant to subjects' behavior. However, state-of-the-art models typically require large datasets to train, so are prone to overfitting on…

The dependency tree of a natural language sentence can capture the interactions between semantics and words. However, it is unclear whether those methods which exploit such dependency information for semantic parsing can be combined to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Defeng Xie , Jianmin Ji , Jiafei Xu , Ran Ji

The Transformer translation model is based on the multi-head attention mechanism, which can be parallelized easily. The multi-head attention network performs the scaled dot-product attention function in parallel, empowering the model by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Hongfei Xu , Qiuhui Liu , Josef van Genabith , Deyi Xiong

Syntax has been proven to be remarkably effective in neural machine translation (NMT). Previous models obtained syntax information from syntactic parsing tools and integrated it into NMT models to improve translation performance. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yang Liu , Yuexian Hou

Understanding search queries is critical for shopping search engines to deliver a satisfying customer experience. Popular shopping search engines receive billions of unique queries yearly, each of which can depict any of hundreds of user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Mukul Kumar , Youna Hu , Will Headden , Rahul Goutam , Heran Lin , Bing Yin

A well formed query is defined as a query which is formulated in the manner of an inquiry, and with correct interrogatives, spelling and grammar. While identifying well formed queries is an important task, few works have attempted to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Avinash Madasu , Anvesh Rao Vijjini

We introduce SANDesc, a Streamlined Attention-Based Network for Descriptor extraction that aims to improve on existing architectures for keypoint description. Our descriptor network learns to compute descriptors that improve matching…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Mattia D'Urso , Emanuele Santellani , Christian Sormann , Mattia Rossi , Andreas Kuhn , Friedrich Fraundorfer

Attention mechanism has been used as an ancillary means to help RNN or CNN. However, the Transformer (Vaswani et al., 2017) recently recorded the state-of-the-art performance in machine translation with a dramatic reduction in training time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Jinbae Im , Sungzoon Cho