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With the emergence of powerful large-scale foundation models, the training paradigm is increasingly shifting from from-scratch training to transfer learning. This enables high utility training with small, domain-specific datasets typical in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yuxuan Bai , Gauri Pradhan , Marlon Tobaben , Antti Honkela

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to infer whether an input sample was used to train the model. Over the past few years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Xinlei He , Zheng Li , Weilin Xu , Cory Cornelius , Yang Zhang

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) pose a significant threat to the privacy of machine learning models and are widely used as tools for privacy assessment, auditing, and machine unlearning. While prior MIA research has primarily focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Zhiqi Wang , Chengyu Zhang , Yuetian Chen , Nathalie Baracaldo , Swanand Kadhe , Lei Yu

The high cost of model training makes it increasingly desirable to develop techniques for unlearning. These techniques seek to remove the influence of a training example without having to retrain the model from scratch. Intuitively, once a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Jamie Hayes , Ilia Shumailov , Eleni Triantafillou , Amr Khalifa , Nicolas Papernot

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the promise to revolutionize computing broadly, but their complexity and extensive training data also expose significant privacy vulnerabilities. One of the simplest privacy risks associated with LLMs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Rongting Zhang , Martin Bertran , Aaron Roth

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) pose a critical threat to the privacy of training data in deep learning. Despite significant progress in attack methodologies, our understanding of when and how models encode membership information during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuetian Chen , Zhiqi Wang , Nathalie Baracaldo , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Lei Yu

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are currently a dominant approach for evaluating privacy in machine learning applications. Despite their significance in identifying records belonging to the training dataset, several concerns remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Cristina Pêra , Tânia Carvalho , Maxime Cordy , Luís Antunes

The primary promise of decentralized learning is to allow users to engage in the training of machine learning models in a collaborative manner while keeping their data on their premises and without relying on any central entity. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ousmane Touat , Jezekael Brunon , Yacine Belal , Julien Nicolas , César Sabater , Mohamed Maouche , Sonia Ben Mokhtar

In a membership inference attack (MIA), an attacker exploits the overconfidence exhibited by typical machine learning models to determine whether a specific data point was used to train a target model. In this paper, we analyze the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Meiyi Zhu , Caili Guo , Chunyan Feng , Osvaldo Simeone

This paper presents how to leak private information from a wireless signal classifier by launching an over-the-air membership inference attack (MIA). As machine learning (ML) algorithms are used to process wireless signals to make decisions…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-26 Yi Shi , Kemal Davaslioglu , Yalin E. Sagduyu

Deep Learning (DL) techniques allow ones to train models from a dataset to solve tasks. DL has attracted much interest given its fancy performance and potential market value, while security issues are amongst the most colossal concerns.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Hongwei Huang , Weiqi Luo , Guoqiang Zeng , Jian Weng , Yue Zhang , Anjia Yang

In several jurisdictions, the regulatory framework on the release and sharing of personal data is being extended to machine learning (ML). The implicit assumption is that disclosing a trained ML model entails a privacy risk for any personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Neural models for vulnerability prediction (VP) have achieved impressive performance by learning from large-scale code repositories. However, their susceptibility to Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs), where adversaries aim to infer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yihan Liao , Jacky Keung , Xiaoxue Ma , Jingyu Zhang , Yicheng Sun

Analyzing time-series data that contains personal information, particularly in the medical field, presents serious privacy concerns. Sensitive health data from patients is often used to train machine learning models for diagnostics and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Noam Koren , Abigail Goldsteen , Guy Amit , Ariel Farkash

In membership inference attacks (MIAs), an adversary observes the predictions of a model to determine whether a sample is part of the model's training data. Existing MIA defenses conceal the presence of a target sample through strong…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Ismat Jarin , Birhanu Eshete

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether specific data were used to train a model. While extensively studied on classification models, their impact on time series forecasting remains largely unexplored. We address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Nicolas Johansson , Tobias Olsson , Daniel Nilsson , Johan Östman , Fazeleh Hoseini

Diffusion models have achieved tremendous success in image generation, but they also raise significant concerns regarding privacy and copyright issues. Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are designed to ascertain whether specific data was…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Puwei Lian , Yujun Cai , Songze Li , Bingkun Bao

Transfer learning, successful in knowledge translation across related tasks, faces a substantial privacy threat from membership inference attacks (MIAs). These attacks, despite posing significant risk to ML model's training data, remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Cong Wu , Jing Chen , Qianru Fang , Kun He , Ziming Zhao , Hao Ren , Guowen Xu , Yang Liu , Yang Xiang

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) reveal whether specific data was used to train machine learning models, serving as important tools for privacy auditing and compliance assessment. Recent studies have reported that MIAs perform only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Disha Makhija , Manoj Ghuhan Arivazhagan , Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

This report summarizes all the MIA experiments (Membership Inference Attacks) of the Embedding Attack Project, including threat models, experimental setup, experimental results, findings and discussion. Current results cover the evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Jiameng Pu , Zafar Takhirov