Related papers: The normalized algorithmic information distance ca…

Population protocols are a distributed computing model appropriate for describing massive numbers of agents with limited computational power. A population protocol "has an initial leader" if every valid initial configuration contains a…

We provide approximation algorithms for two problems, known as NECKLACE SPLITTING and $\epsilon$-CONSENSUS SPLITTING. In the problem $\epsilon$-CONSENSUS SPLITTING, there are $n$ non-atomic probability measures on the interval $[0, 1]$ and…

The normalized edit distance is one of the distances derived from the edit distance. It is useful in some applications because it takes into account the lengths of the two strings compared. The normalized edit distance is not defined in…

This paper shows that the logarithm of the epsilon-error capacity (average error probability) for n uses of a discrete memoryless channel is upper bounded by the normal approximation plus a third-order term that does not exceed 1/2 log n +…

We prove that, unless $\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{NP}$, no polynomial algorithm can approximate the minimum length of \sws for a given \san within a constant factor.

A new class of distances appropriate for measuring similarity relations between sequences, say one type of similarity per distance, is studied. We propose a new ``normalized information distance'', based on the noncomputable notion of…

We study the problem of learning general (i.e., not necessarily homogeneous) halfspaces with Random Classification Noise under the Gaussian distribution. We establish nearly-matching algorithmic and Statistical Query (SQ) lower bound…

Measuring mutual information from finite data is difficult. Recent work has considered variational methods maximizing a lower bound. In this paper, we prove that serious statistical limitations are inherent to any method of measuring mutual…

An approximation of a real is a sequence of rational numbers that converges to the real. An approximation is left-c.e. if it is computable and nondecreasing and is d.c.e. if it is computable and has bounded variation. A real is computably…

The Sinkhorn "distance", a variant of the Wasserstein distance with entropic regularization, is an increasingly popular tool in machine learning and statistical inference. However, the time and memory requirements of standard algorithms for…

We show an equivalence between 1-query quantum algorithms and representations by degree-2 polynomials. Namely, a partial Boolean function $f$ is computable by a 1-query quantum algorithm with error bounded by $\epsilon<1/2$ iff $f$ can be…

We study lower bounds for the problem of approximating a one dimensional distribution given (noisy) measurements of its moments. We show that there are distributions on $[-1,1]$ that cannot be approximated to accuracy $\epsilon$ in…

Solomonoff unified Occam's razor and Epicurus' principle of multiple explanations to one elegant, formal, universal theory of inductive inference, which initiated the field of algorithmic information theory. His central result is that the…

The ability of machine learning (ML) algorithms to generalize well to unseen data has been studied through the lens of information theory, by bounding the generalization error with the input-output mutual information (MI), i.e., the MI…

We prove that a random linear code over F_q, with probability arbitrarily close to 1, is list decodable at radius (1-1/q-\epsilon) with list size L=O(1/\epsilon^2) and rate R=\Omega_q(\epsilon^2/(log^3(1/\epsilon))). Up to the…

A countable group G is called k-linear sofic (for some 0 <k \le 1) if finite subsets of G admit "approximate representations" by complex invertible matrices in the normalized rank metric, so that non-identity elements are k-away from the…

Suppose the expectation $E(F(X))$ is to be estimated by the empirical averages of the values of $F$ on independent and identically distributed samples $\{X_i\}$. A sampling rule called the "screened" estimator is introduced, and its…

In this paper we provide explicit upper bounds on some distances between the (law of the) output of a random Gaussian NN and (the law of) a random Gaussian vector. Our results concern both shallow random Gaussian neural networks with…

We consider the approximation capability of orthogonal super greedy algorithms (OSGA) and its applications in supervised learning. OSGA is concerned with selecting more than one atoms in each iteration step, which, of course, greatly…

This paper addresses the problem of finding a B-term wavelet representation of a given discrete function $f \in \real^n$ whose distance from f is minimized. The problem is well understood when we seek to minimize the Euclidean distance…